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Article: Petrogenesis of latest miocene-quaternary continental intraplate volcanism along the northern Dead Sea Fault System (Al Ghab-Homs volcanic field), western Syria: Evidence for lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction

TitlePetrogenesis of latest miocene-quaternary continental intraplate volcanism along the northern Dead Sea Fault System (Al Ghab-Homs volcanic field), western Syria: Evidence for lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction
Authors
KeywordsAmphibole: Dead Sea Fault System
Intraplate Volcanism: Metasomatic Veins
Nd-Sr-Pb Isotopes
Issue Date2011
PublisherOxford University Press. The Journal's web site is located at http://petrology.oxfordjournals.org/
Citation
Journal Of Petrology, 2011, v. 52 n. 2, p. 401-430 How to Cite?
AbstractLate Miocene to Quaternary intraplate basaltic volcanism in the Al Ghab and Homs regions, northwestern Syria (the Al Ghab volcanic group and the Homs volcanic group), occurred roughly synchronously with the propagation of the Dead Sea Fault System in these regions. Petrographic evidence as well as major and trace element variations suggest that the basalts have undergone varying amounts of crystal fractionation of olivine ± clinopyroxene ± spinel, with feldspar fractionation only in the most evolved samples. The major and trace element chemistry and Nd-Sr-Pb isotopic variations of the basalts reflect both mantle source heterogeneity and relatively minor crustal contamination. Semi-quantitative assimilation-fractional crystallization modelling suggests that some samples may reflect assimilation of no more than 6% of upper continental crust, probably with Late Proterozoic Arabian Shield characteristics. Amongst the least crustally contaminated and relatively primitive samples, basanites are characterized by marked depletion of K, Rb and Zr relative to other neighbouring incompatible elements on primitive mantle normalized trace element diagrams. This, together with their low SiO 2 and high TiO 2 and Dy/Yb, is consistent with magma genesis involving a large proportion of garnet-bearing hornblendite or similar amphibole-rich metasomatic veins. Associated alkali and tholeiitic basalts with the higher SiO 2, lower TiO 2, less negative K, Rb and Zr anomalies, and moderately high Dy/Yb are consistent with melt extraction from a largely peridotitic mantle source. It is suggested that the compositional spectrum from basanite via alkali basalt to tholeiitic basalt can be explained by increasing degrees of metasomatic vein-wall-rock interaction, plus asthenospheric melt assimilation. In agreement with this is the identification of three distinct isotopic and chemical characteristics within the spectrum of mafic lavas, each of which can be referred to a unique mantle source (metasomatic vein, lithospheric wall-rock peridotite mantle and asthenospheric peridotite mantle). A decrease in eruption volume and increase in Si-undersaturation of the lavas from south (Homs) to north (Al Ghab) along the northern Dead Sea Fault System from latest Miocene to Quaternary times suggest a diminishing thermal perturbation and increasing importance of the amphibole-rich veins in magma genesis over time. It is proposed that the genesis of the oldest lavas reflects the arrival of asthenospheric melts beneath the Homs region, which with assimilation of lithospheric metasomatic veins and their wall-rocks produced the parental magmas of the Homs volcanic group. Subsequently, upwelling asthenospheric material could have been channelled northwards at the base of the lithosphere, presumably related to the northward propagation of the Dead Sea Fault System in the Pliocene. Cooling of this channelled asthenospheric material, which did not penetrate the lithosphere during this later period of magma genesis, provided the minimal thermal perturbation necessary for melting of amphibole-rich metasomatic veins and wall-rock peridotite within the lithosphere. © The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/178239
ISSN
2021 Impact Factor: 4.371
2020 SCImago Journal Rankings: 2.644
ISI Accession Number ID
References

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorMa, GSKen_US
dc.contributor.authorMalpas, Jen_US
dc.contributor.authorXenophontos, Cen_US
dc.contributor.authorChan, GHNen_US
dc.date.accessioned2012-12-19T09:43:40Z-
dc.date.available2012-12-19T09:43:40Z-
dc.date.issued2011en_US
dc.identifier.citationJournal Of Petrology, 2011, v. 52 n. 2, p. 401-430en_US
dc.identifier.issn0022-3530en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/178239-
dc.description.abstractLate Miocene to Quaternary intraplate basaltic volcanism in the Al Ghab and Homs regions, northwestern Syria (the Al Ghab volcanic group and the Homs volcanic group), occurred roughly synchronously with the propagation of the Dead Sea Fault System in these regions. Petrographic evidence as well as major and trace element variations suggest that the basalts have undergone varying amounts of crystal fractionation of olivine ± clinopyroxene ± spinel, with feldspar fractionation only in the most evolved samples. The major and trace element chemistry and Nd-Sr-Pb isotopic variations of the basalts reflect both mantle source heterogeneity and relatively minor crustal contamination. Semi-quantitative assimilation-fractional crystallization modelling suggests that some samples may reflect assimilation of no more than 6% of upper continental crust, probably with Late Proterozoic Arabian Shield characteristics. Amongst the least crustally contaminated and relatively primitive samples, basanites are characterized by marked depletion of K, Rb and Zr relative to other neighbouring incompatible elements on primitive mantle normalized trace element diagrams. This, together with their low SiO 2 and high TiO 2 and Dy/Yb, is consistent with magma genesis involving a large proportion of garnet-bearing hornblendite or similar amphibole-rich metasomatic veins. Associated alkali and tholeiitic basalts with the higher SiO 2, lower TiO 2, less negative K, Rb and Zr anomalies, and moderately high Dy/Yb are consistent with melt extraction from a largely peridotitic mantle source. It is suggested that the compositional spectrum from basanite via alkali basalt to tholeiitic basalt can be explained by increasing degrees of metasomatic vein-wall-rock interaction, plus asthenospheric melt assimilation. In agreement with this is the identification of three distinct isotopic and chemical characteristics within the spectrum of mafic lavas, each of which can be referred to a unique mantle source (metasomatic vein, lithospheric wall-rock peridotite mantle and asthenospheric peridotite mantle). A decrease in eruption volume and increase in Si-undersaturation of the lavas from south (Homs) to north (Al Ghab) along the northern Dead Sea Fault System from latest Miocene to Quaternary times suggest a diminishing thermal perturbation and increasing importance of the amphibole-rich veins in magma genesis over time. It is proposed that the genesis of the oldest lavas reflects the arrival of asthenospheric melts beneath the Homs region, which with assimilation of lithospheric metasomatic veins and their wall-rocks produced the parental magmas of the Homs volcanic group. Subsequently, upwelling asthenospheric material could have been channelled northwards at the base of the lithosphere, presumably related to the northward propagation of the Dead Sea Fault System in the Pliocene. Cooling of this channelled asthenospheric material, which did not penetrate the lithosphere during this later period of magma genesis, provided the minimal thermal perturbation necessary for melting of amphibole-rich metasomatic veins and wall-rock peridotite within the lithosphere. © The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press.en_US
dc.languageengen_US
dc.publisherOxford University Press. The Journal's web site is located at http://petrology.oxfordjournals.org/en_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Petrologyen_US
dc.subjectAmphibole: Dead Sea Fault Systemen_US
dc.subjectIntraplate Volcanism: Metasomatic Veinsen_US
dc.subjectNd-Sr-Pb Isotopesen_US
dc.titlePetrogenesis of latest miocene-quaternary continental intraplate volcanism along the northern Dead Sea Fault System (Al Ghab-Homs volcanic field), western Syria: Evidence for lithosphere-asthenosphere interactionen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.emailMalpas, J: jgmalpas@hku.hken_US
dc.identifier.authorityMalpas, J=rp00059en_US
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltexten_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/petrology/egq085en_US
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-79251491353en_US
dc.relation.referenceshttp://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-79251491353&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpageen_US
dc.identifier.volume52en_US
dc.identifier.issue2en_US
dc.identifier.spage401en_US
dc.identifier.epage430en_US
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000287337600007-
dc.publisher.placeUnited Kingdomen_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridMa, GSK=36863809900en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridMalpas, J=7006136845en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridXenophontos, C=6701391872en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridChan, GHN=20733736600en_US
dc.identifier.citeulike8740385-
dc.identifier.issnl0022-3530-

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