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Article: Investigation of the effect of the incidence angle on land cover classification using fully polarimetric SAR images

TitleInvestigation of the effect of the incidence angle on land cover classification using fully polarimetric SAR images
Authors
KeywordsCrops
Domain decomposition methods
Forestry
Fruits
Image classification
Issue Date2019
PublisherTaylor & Francis Ltd. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/01431161.asp
Citation
International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2019, v. 40 n. 4, p. 1576-1593 How to Cite?
AbstractABSTRACT Incidence angle is one of the most important imaging parameters that affect polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) image classification. Several studies have examined the land cover classification capability of PolSAR images with different incidence angles. However, most of these studies provide limited physical insights into the mechanism how the variation of incidence angle affects PolSAR image classification. In the present study, land cover classification was conducted by using RADARSAT-2 Wide Fine Quad-Pol (FQ) images acquired at different incidence angles, namely, FQ8 (27.75°), FQ14 (34.20°), and FQ20 (39.95°). Land cover classification capability was examined for each single-incidence angle image and a multi-incidence angle image (i.e., the combination of single-incidence angle images). The multi-incidence angle image produced better classification results than any of the single-incidence angle images, and the different incidence angles exhibited different superiorities in land cover classification. The effect mechanisms of incidence angle variation on land cover classification were investigated by using the polarimetric decomposition theorem that decomposes radar backscatter into single-bounce scattering, double-bounce scattering and volume scattering. Impinging SAR easily penetrated crops to interact with the soil at a small incidence angle. Therefore, the difference in single-bounce scattering between trees and crops was evident in the FQ8 image, which was determined to be suitable for distinguishing between croplands and forests. The single-bounce scattering from bare lands increased with the decrease in incidence angles, whereas that from water changed slightly with the incidence angle variation. Consequently, the FQ8 image exhibited the largest difference in single-bounce scattering between bare lands and water and produced the fewest confusion between them among all the images. The single- and double-bounce scattering from urban areas and forests increased with the decrease in incidence angles. The increase in single- and double-bounce scattering from urban areas was more significant than that from forests because C-band SAR could not easily penetrate the crown layer of forests to interact with the trunks and ground. Therefore, the FQ8 image showed a slightly better performance than the other images in discriminating between urban areas and forests. Compared with other crops and trees, banana trees caused stronger single- and double-bounce scattering because of their large leaves. As a large incidence angle resulted in a long penetration path of radar waves in the crown layer of vegetation, the FQ20 image enhanced the single- and double-bounce scattering differences between banana trees and other vegetation. Thus, the FQ20 image outperformed the other images in identifying banana trees.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/277145
ISSN
2021 Impact Factor: 3.531
2020 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.918
ISI Accession Number ID

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorXu, S-
dc.contributor.authorQi, Z-
dc.contributor.authorLi, X-
dc.contributor.authorYeh, AGO-
dc.date.accessioned2019-09-20T08:45:27Z-
dc.date.available2019-09-20T08:45:27Z-
dc.date.issued2019-
dc.identifier.citationInternational Journal of Remote Sensing, 2019, v. 40 n. 4, p. 1576-1593-
dc.identifier.issn0143-1161-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/277145-
dc.description.abstractABSTRACT Incidence angle is one of the most important imaging parameters that affect polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) image classification. Several studies have examined the land cover classification capability of PolSAR images with different incidence angles. However, most of these studies provide limited physical insights into the mechanism how the variation of incidence angle affects PolSAR image classification. In the present study, land cover classification was conducted by using RADARSAT-2 Wide Fine Quad-Pol (FQ) images acquired at different incidence angles, namely, FQ8 (27.75°), FQ14 (34.20°), and FQ20 (39.95°). Land cover classification capability was examined for each single-incidence angle image and a multi-incidence angle image (i.e., the combination of single-incidence angle images). The multi-incidence angle image produced better classification results than any of the single-incidence angle images, and the different incidence angles exhibited different superiorities in land cover classification. The effect mechanisms of incidence angle variation on land cover classification were investigated by using the polarimetric decomposition theorem that decomposes radar backscatter into single-bounce scattering, double-bounce scattering and volume scattering. Impinging SAR easily penetrated crops to interact with the soil at a small incidence angle. Therefore, the difference in single-bounce scattering between trees and crops was evident in the FQ8 image, which was determined to be suitable for distinguishing between croplands and forests. The single-bounce scattering from bare lands increased with the decrease in incidence angles, whereas that from water changed slightly with the incidence angle variation. Consequently, the FQ8 image exhibited the largest difference in single-bounce scattering between bare lands and water and produced the fewest confusion between them among all the images. The single- and double-bounce scattering from urban areas and forests increased with the decrease in incidence angles. The increase in single- and double-bounce scattering from urban areas was more significant than that from forests because C-band SAR could not easily penetrate the crown layer of forests to interact with the trunks and ground. Therefore, the FQ8 image showed a slightly better performance than the other images in discriminating between urban areas and forests. Compared with other crops and trees, banana trees caused stronger single- and double-bounce scattering because of their large leaves. As a large incidence angle resulted in a long penetration path of radar waves in the crown layer of vegetation, the FQ20 image enhanced the single- and double-bounce scattering differences between banana trees and other vegetation. Thus, the FQ20 image outperformed the other images in identifying banana trees.-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisherTaylor & Francis Ltd. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/01431161.asp-
dc.relation.ispartofInternational Journal of Remote Sensing-
dc.rightsAOM/Preprint Before Accepted: his article has been accepted for publication in [JOURNAL TITLE], published by Taylor & Francis. AOM/Preprint After Accepted: This is an [original manuscript / preprint] of an article published by Taylor & Francis in [JOURNAL TITLE] on [date of publication], available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/[Article DOI]. Accepted Manuscript (AM) i.e. Postprint This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in [JOURNAL TITLE] on [date of publication], available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/[Article DOI].-
dc.subjectCrops-
dc.subjectDomain decomposition methods-
dc.subjectForestry-
dc.subjectFruits-
dc.subjectImage classification-
dc.titleInvestigation of the effect of the incidence angle on land cover classification using fully polarimetric SAR images-
dc.typeArticle-
dc.identifier.emailYeh, AGO: hdxugoy@hkucc.hku.hk-
dc.identifier.authorityYeh, AGO=rp01033-
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltext-
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/01431161.2018.1528021-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-85055111078-
dc.identifier.hkuros305873-
dc.identifier.volume40-
dc.identifier.issue4-
dc.identifier.spage1576-
dc.identifier.epage1593-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000458670300018-
dc.publisher.placeUnited Kingdom-
dc.identifier.issnl0143-1161-

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