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Article: Lessons learned 1 year after SARS-CoV-2 emergence leading to COVID-19 pandemic

TitleLessons learned 1 year after SARS-CoV-2 emergence leading to COVID-19 pandemic
Authors
KeywordsCoronavirus
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Pandemic
Pathogenesis
Issue Date2021
PublisherTaylor & Francis, published in association with Shanghai Shangyixun Cultural Communication Company. The Journal's web site is located at https://www.tandfonline.com/toc/temi20/current
Citation
Emerging Microbes & Infections, 2021, v. 10 n. 1, p. 507-535 How to Cite?
AbstractWithout modern medical management and vaccines, the severity of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) might approach the magnitude of 1894-plague (12 million deaths) and 1918-A(H1N1) influenza (50 million deaths) pandemics. The COVID-19 pandemic was heralded by the 2003 SARS epidemic which led to the discovery of human and civet SARS-CoV-1, bat SARS-related-CoVs, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-related bat CoV HKU4 and HKU5, and other novel animal coronaviruses. The suspected animal-to-human jumping of 4 betacoronaviruses including the human coronaviruses OC43(1890), SARS-CoV-1(2003), MERS-CoV(2012), and SARS-CoV-2(2019) indicates their significant pandemic potential. The presence of a large reservoir of coronaviruses in bats and other wild mammals, culture of mixing and selling them in urban markets with suboptimal hygiene, habit of eating exotic mammals in highly populated areas, and the rapid and frequent air travels from these areas are perfect ingredients for brewing rapidly exploding epidemics. The possibility of emergence of a hypothetical SARS-CoV-3 or other novel viruses from animals or laboratories, and therefore needs for global preparedness should not be ignored. We reviewed representative publications on the epidemiology, virology, clinical manifestations, pathology, laboratory diagnostics, treatment, vaccination, and infection control of COVID-19 as of 20 January 2021, which is 1 year after person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was announced. The difficulties of mass testing, labour-intensive contact tracing, importance of compliance to universal masking, low efficacy of antiviral treatment for severe disease, possibilities of vaccine or antiviral-resistant virus variants and SARS-CoV-2 becoming another common cold coronavirus are discussed.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/304261
ISSN
2021 Impact Factor: 19.568
2020 SCImago Journal Rankings: 2.475
PubMed Central ID
ISI Accession Number ID

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorTo, KKW-
dc.contributor.authorSridhar, S-
dc.contributor.authorChiu, KHY-
dc.contributor.authorHung, DLL-
dc.contributor.authorLi, X-
dc.contributor.authorHung, IFN-
dc.contributor.authorTam, AR-
dc.contributor.authorChung, TWH-
dc.contributor.authorChan, JFW-
dc.contributor.authorZhang, AJX-
dc.contributor.authorCheng, VCC-
dc.contributor.authorYuen, KY-
dc.date.accessioned2021-09-23T08:57:31Z-
dc.date.available2021-09-23T08:57:31Z-
dc.date.issued2021-
dc.identifier.citationEmerging Microbes & Infections, 2021, v. 10 n. 1, p. 507-535-
dc.identifier.issn2222-1751-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/304261-
dc.description.abstractWithout modern medical management and vaccines, the severity of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) might approach the magnitude of 1894-plague (12 million deaths) and 1918-A(H1N1) influenza (50 million deaths) pandemics. The COVID-19 pandemic was heralded by the 2003 SARS epidemic which led to the discovery of human and civet SARS-CoV-1, bat SARS-related-CoVs, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-related bat CoV HKU4 and HKU5, and other novel animal coronaviruses. The suspected animal-to-human jumping of 4 betacoronaviruses including the human coronaviruses OC43(1890), SARS-CoV-1(2003), MERS-CoV(2012), and SARS-CoV-2(2019) indicates their significant pandemic potential. The presence of a large reservoir of coronaviruses in bats and other wild mammals, culture of mixing and selling them in urban markets with suboptimal hygiene, habit of eating exotic mammals in highly populated areas, and the rapid and frequent air travels from these areas are perfect ingredients for brewing rapidly exploding epidemics. The possibility of emergence of a hypothetical SARS-CoV-3 or other novel viruses from animals or laboratories, and therefore needs for global preparedness should not be ignored. We reviewed representative publications on the epidemiology, virology, clinical manifestations, pathology, laboratory diagnostics, treatment, vaccination, and infection control of COVID-19 as of 20 January 2021, which is 1 year after person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was announced. The difficulties of mass testing, labour-intensive contact tracing, importance of compliance to universal masking, low efficacy of antiviral treatment for severe disease, possibilities of vaccine or antiviral-resistant virus variants and SARS-CoV-2 becoming another common cold coronavirus are discussed.-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisherTaylor & Francis, published in association with Shanghai Shangyixun Cultural Communication Company. The Journal's web site is located at https://www.tandfonline.com/toc/temi20/current-
dc.relation.ispartofEmerging Microbes & Infections-
dc.rightsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.-
dc.subjectCoronavirus-
dc.subjectCOVID-19-
dc.subjectSARS-CoV-2-
dc.subjectPandemic-
dc.subjectPathogenesis-
dc.titleLessons learned 1 year after SARS-CoV-2 emergence leading to COVID-19 pandemic-
dc.typeArticle-
dc.identifier.emailTo, KKW: kelvinto@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailSridhar, S: sid8998@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailChiu, KHY: hychiu14@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailHung, DLL: dh2552@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailLi, X: xinli@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailHung, IFN: ivanhung@hkucc.hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailChung, TWH: tomwhc@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailChan, JFW: jfwchan@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailZhang, AJX: zhangajx@hkucc.hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailYuen, KY: kyyuen@hkucc.hku.hk-
dc.identifier.authorityTo, KKW=rp01384-
dc.identifier.authoritySridhar, S=rp02249-
dc.identifier.authorityLi, X=rp02808-
dc.identifier.authorityHung, IFN=rp00508-
dc.identifier.authorityChan, JFW=rp01736-
dc.identifier.authorityZhang, AJX=rp00413-
dc.identifier.authorityYuen, KY=rp00366-
dc.description.naturepublished_or_final_version-
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/22221751.2021.1898291-
dc.identifier.pmid33666147-
dc.identifier.pmcidPMC8006950-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-85103153631-
dc.identifier.hkuros325409-
dc.identifier.volume10-
dc.identifier.issue1-
dc.identifier.spage507-
dc.identifier.epage535-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000631887400001-
dc.publisher.placeUnited Kingdom-

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