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Article: Assessment of Dietary Restraint: Psychometric Properties of the Revised Restraint Scale in Hong Kong Adolescents
Title | Assessment of Dietary Restraint: Psychometric Properties of the Revised Restraint Scale in Hong Kong Adolescents |
---|---|
Authors | |
Keywords | Psychology Health Psychology Public Health, general Stress and Coping Primary Care Medicine General Practice and Family Medicine Cross Cultural Psychology |
Issue Date | 2011 |
Publisher | Springer Boston |
Citation | International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 2011, p. 1-9 How to Cite? |
Abstract | Background: The psychometric properties of the Revised Restraint Scale (RRS) have been well established in western populations but not in Chinese adolescents. Purpose: This study investigated the psychometric properties of RRS and its validity in different subgroups for Hong Kong Chinese adolescents. Method: In 2007, 909 Hong Kong students aged 12 to 18 years (55.3% boys) completed a questionnaire including demographic items, RRS, Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), and Motivation for Eating Scale (MFES)-physical. Moreover, subjects' height and weight were measured. To examine the factor structure of RRS, the whole sample was randomly split into two groups (sample 1: N=454 and sample 2: N=455) for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), respectively. Convergent and discriminant validity of RRS were investigated by correlating the RRS with EAT-26 and MFES-physical. Multigroup CFA was conducted to test the three-factor model of RRS in different sex, age, and weight status subgroups. Results: Results of EFA for sample 1 revealed three strongly correlated factors for the RRS construct, and were supported by the CFA results in sample 2. Multigroup CFA further suggested that the three-factor model of RRS was stable across sex, age, and weight status subgroups. Conclusions: A new three-factor model is proposed for Hong Kong adolescents in this study. In general, RRS is a reliable and valid measure of restrained eating for adolescents, regardless of sex, age, and weight status. © 2011 The Author(s). |
Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/144914 |
ISSN | 2023 Impact Factor: 2.0 2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 1.013 |
ISI Accession Number ID | |
References | Hedley AA, Ogden CL, Johnson CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, Flegal KM. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among US children, adolescents, and adults, 1999–2002. JAMA. 2004;291:2847–50. doi: 10.1001/jama.291.23.2847 Skelton JA, Cook SR, Auinger P, Klein JD, Barlow SE. Prevalence and trends of severe obesity among US children and adolescents. Acad Pediatr. 2009;9:322–9. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2009.04.005 Nisbett RE. Hunger, obesity, and the ventromedial hypothalamus. Psychol Rev. 1972;79:433–53. doi: 10.1037/h0033519 Herman CP, Mack D. Restrained and unrestrained eating. J Pers. 1975;43:647–60. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1975.tb00727.x Blanchard FA, Frost RO. Two factors of restraint: concern for dieting and weight fluctuation. Behav Res Ther. 1983;21:259–67. doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(83)90208-5 Ruderman AJ. The restraint scale: a psychometric investigation. Behav Res Ther. 1983;21:253–8. doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(83)90207-3 Stice E, Ozer S, Kees M. Relation of dietary restraint to bulimic symptomatology: the effects of the criterion confounding of the Restraint Scale. Behav Res Ther. 1997;35:145–52. doi: 10.1016/S0005-7967(96)00077-0 van Strien T, Herman CP, Engels RC, Larsen JK, van Leeuwe JF. Construct validation of the restraint scale in normal-weight and overweight females. Appetite. 2007;49:109–21. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2007.01.003 Williamson DA, Martin CK, York-Crowe E, Anton SD, Redman LM, Han H, et al. Measurement of dietary restraint: validity tests of four questionnaires. Appetite. 2007;48:183–92. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2006.08.066 Lowe MR. Dietary concern, weight fluctuation and weight status: further explorations of the restraint scale. Behav Res Ther. 1984;22:243–8. doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(84)90004-4 Johnson WG, Lake L, Mahan JM. Restrained eating: measuring an elusive construct. Addict Behav. 1983;8:413–8. doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(83)90042-4 Klem ML, Klesges RC, Bene CR, Mellon MW. A psychometric study of restraint: the impact of race, gender, weight and marital status. Addict Behav. 1990;15:147–52. doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(90)90018-S Ruderman AJ, Christensen H. Restraint theory and its applicability to overweight individuals. J Abnorm Psychology. 1983;92:210–5. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.92.2.210 Lee S, Lee AM. Disordered eating in three communities of China: a comparative study of female high school students in hong kong, Shenzhen, and rural hunan. Int J Eat Disord. 2000;27:317–27. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-108X(200004)27:3%3C317::AID-EAT9%3E3.0.CO;2-2 Davis C, Katzman MA. Chinese men and women in the United States and Hong Kong: body and self-esteem ratings as a prelude to dieting and exercise. Int J Eat Disord. 1998;23:99–102. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-108X(199801)23:1%3C99::AID-EAT13%3E3.0.CO;2-I Leung SF, Lee KL, Lee SM, Leung SC, Hung WS, Lee WL, et al. Psychometric properties of the SCOFF questionnaire (Chinese version) for screening eating disorders in Hong Kong secondary school students: a cross-sectional study. Int J Nurs Stud. 2009;46:239–47. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2008.09.004 Tam CK, Ng CF, Yu CM, Young BW. Disordered eating attitudes and behaviours among adolescents in Hong Kong: prevalence and correlates. J Paediatr Child Health. 2007;43:811–7. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2007.01195.x Stice E, Presnell K, Spangler D. Risk factors for binge eating onset in adolescent girls: a 2-year prospective investigation. Health Psychol. 2002;21:131–8. doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.21.2.131 Stice E, Killen JD, Hayward C, Taylor CB. Age of onset for binge eating and purging during late adolescence: a 4-year survival analysis. J Abnorm Psychol. 1998;107:671–5. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.107.4.671 Killen JD, Taylor CB, Hayward C, Wilson DM, Haydel KF, Hammer LD, et al. Pursuit of thinness and onset of eating disorder symptoms in a community sample of adolescent girls: a three-year prospective analysis. Int J Eat Disord. 1994;16:227–38. doi: 10.1002/1098-108X(199411)16:3%3C227::AID-EAT2260160303%3E3.0.CO;2-L Patton GC, Johnson-Sabine E, Wood K, Mann AH, Wakeling A. Abnormal eating attitudes in London schoolgirls–a prospective epidemiological study: outcome at twelve month follow-up. Psychol Med. 1990;20:383–94. doi: 10.1017/S0033291700017700 Santonastaso P, Friederici S, Favaro A. Full and partial syndromes in eating disorders: a 1-year prospective study of risk factors among female students. Psychopathology. 1999;32:50–6. doi: 10.1159/000029067 Stice E, Hayward C, Cameron RP, Killen JD, Taylor CB. Body-image and eating disturbances predict onset of depression among female adolescents: a longitudinal study. J Abnorm Psychol. 2000;109:438–44. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.109.3.438 Stice E, Bearman SK. Body-image and eating disturbances prospectively predict increases in depressive symptoms in adolescent girls: a growth curve analysis. Dev Psychol. 2001;37:597–607. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.37.5.597 Garner DM, Olmsted MP, Bohr Y, Garfinkel PE. The eating attitudes test: psychometric features and clinical correlates. Psychol Med. 1982;12:871–8. doi: 10.1017/S0033291700049163 Lee S, Kwok K, Liau C, Leung T. Screening Chinese patients with eating disorders using the eating attitudes test in Hong Kong. Int J Eat Disord. 2002;32:91–7. doi: 10.1002/eat.10064 Hawks SR, Merrill C, Julie G, Hawks J. Validation of the motivation for eating scale. Ecol Food Nutr. 2004;43:307–26. doi: 10.1080/03670240490454714 Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey. BMJ. 2000;320:1240–6. doi: 10.1136/bmj.320.7244.1240 Satorra A, Bentler PM. A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis. Psychometrika. 2001;66:507–14. doi: 10.1007/BF02296192 Bentler PM. Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychol Bull. 1990;107:238–46. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238 Bentler PM, Bonett DG. Significance tests and goodness-of-fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychol Bull. 1980;88:588–606. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.88.3.588 Steiger JH. Structural model evaluation and modification: an interval estaimation approach. Multivar Behav Res Ther. 1990;25:173–80. doi: 10.1207/s15327906mbr2502_4 Gregorich SE. Do self-report instruments allow meaningful comparisons across diverse population groups? Testing measurement invariance using the confirmatory factor analysis framework. Med Care. 2006;44:S78–94. doi: 10.1097/01.mlr.0000245454.12228.8f Overduin J, Jansen A. A new scale for use in non-clinical research into disinhibitive eating. Pers Indiv Differ. 1996;20:669–77. doi: 10.1016/0191-8869(96)00010-4 van Strien T, Breteler MH, Ouwens MA. Restraint scale, its sub-scales concern for dieting and weight fluctuation. Pers Indiv Differ. 2002;33:791–802. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(01)00192-1 Laessle RG, Tuschl RJ, Kotthaus BC, Pirke KM. A comparison of the validity of three scales for the assessment of dietary restraint. J Abnorm Psychol. 1989;98:504–7. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.98.4.504 Heatherton TF, Herman CP, Polivy J, King GA, McGree ST. The (mis)measurement of restraint: an analysis of conceptual and psychometric issues. J Abnorm Psychol. 1988;97:19–28. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.97.1.19 Allison DB, Kalinsky LB, Gorman BS. A comparison of the psychometric properties of three measures of dietary restraint. Psychol Assess. 1992;4:391–8. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.4.3.391 Ogden J, Ogden J. The measurement of restraint: confounding success and failure? Int J Eat Disord. 1993;13:69–76. doi: 10.1002/1098-108X(199301)13:1%3C69::AID-EAT2260130109%3E3.0.CO;2-Z Rodin J. Current status of the internal-external hypothesis for obesity: what went wrong? Am Psychol. 1981;36:361–72. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.36.4.361 Sherry B, Jefferds ME, Grummer-Strawn LM. Accuracy of adolescent self-report of height and weight in assessing overweight status: a literature review. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2007;161:1154–61. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.161.12.1154 |
DC Field | Value | Language |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.author | Mak, KK | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Lai, CM | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2012-02-21T05:42:26Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2012-02-21T05:42:26Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2011 | en_US |
dc.identifier.citation | International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 2011, p. 1-9 | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1070-5503 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/144914 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Background: The psychometric properties of the Revised Restraint Scale (RRS) have been well established in western populations but not in Chinese adolescents. Purpose: This study investigated the psychometric properties of RRS and its validity in different subgroups for Hong Kong Chinese adolescents. Method: In 2007, 909 Hong Kong students aged 12 to 18 years (55.3% boys) completed a questionnaire including demographic items, RRS, Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), and Motivation for Eating Scale (MFES)-physical. Moreover, subjects' height and weight were measured. To examine the factor structure of RRS, the whole sample was randomly split into two groups (sample 1: N=454 and sample 2: N=455) for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), respectively. Convergent and discriminant validity of RRS were investigated by correlating the RRS with EAT-26 and MFES-physical. Multigroup CFA was conducted to test the three-factor model of RRS in different sex, age, and weight status subgroups. Results: Results of EFA for sample 1 revealed three strongly correlated factors for the RRS construct, and were supported by the CFA results in sample 2. Multigroup CFA further suggested that the three-factor model of RRS was stable across sex, age, and weight status subgroups. Conclusions: A new three-factor model is proposed for Hong Kong adolescents in this study. In general, RRS is a reliable and valid measure of restrained eating for adolescents, regardless of sex, age, and weight status. © 2011 The Author(s). | en_US |
dc.language | eng | en_US |
dc.publisher | Springer Boston | en_US |
dc.relation.ispartof | International Journal of Behavioral Medicine | en_US |
dc.rights | The Author(s) | en_US |
dc.rights | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. | en_US |
dc.subject | Psychology | en_US |
dc.subject | Health Psychology | en_US |
dc.subject | Public Health, general | en_US |
dc.subject | Stress and Coping | en_US |
dc.subject | Primary Care Medicine | en_US |
dc.subject | General Practice and Family Medicine | en_US |
dc.subject | Cross Cultural Psychology | en_US |
dc.title | Assessment of Dietary Restraint: Psychometric Properties of the Revised Restraint Scale in Hong Kong Adolescents | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
dc.identifier.openurl | http://library.hku.hk:4551/resserv?sid=springerlink&genre=article&atitle=Assessment of Dietary Restraint: Psychometric Properties of the Revised Restraint Scale in Hong Kong Adolescents&title=International Journal of Behavioral Medicine&issn=10705503&date=2011-05-07& spage=1&authors=Kwok-Kei Mak, Ching-Man Lai | en_US |
dc.description.nature | published_or_final_version | en_US |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1007/s12529-011-9161-x | en_US |
dc.identifier.scopus | eid_2-s2.0-84863778107 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Hedley AA, Ogden CL, Johnson CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, Flegal KM. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among US children, adolescents, and adults, 1999–2002. JAMA. 2004;291:2847–50. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1001/jama.291.23.2847 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Skelton JA, Cook SR, Auinger P, Klein JD, Barlow SE. Prevalence and trends of severe obesity among US children and adolescents. Acad Pediatr. 2009;9:322–9. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2009.04.005 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Nisbett RE. Hunger, obesity, and the ventromedial hypothalamus. Psychol Rev. 1972;79:433–53. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1037/h0033519 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Herman CP, Mack D. Restrained and unrestrained eating. J Pers. 1975;43:647–60. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1975.tb00727.x | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Blanchard FA, Frost RO. Two factors of restraint: concern for dieting and weight fluctuation. Behav Res Ther. 1983;21:259–67. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(83)90208-5 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Ruderman AJ. The restraint scale: a psychometric investigation. Behav Res Ther. 1983;21:253–8. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(83)90207-3 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Stice E, Ozer S, Kees M. Relation of dietary restraint to bulimic symptomatology: the effects of the criterion confounding of the Restraint Scale. Behav Res Ther. 1997;35:145–52. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/S0005-7967(96)00077-0 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | van Strien T, Herman CP, Engels RC, Larsen JK, van Leeuwe JF. Construct validation of the restraint scale in normal-weight and overweight females. Appetite. 2007;49:109–21. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2007.01.003 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Williamson DA, Martin CK, York-Crowe E, Anton SD, Redman LM, Han H, et al. Measurement of dietary restraint: validity tests of four questionnaires. Appetite. 2007;48:183–92. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2006.08.066 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Lowe MR. Dietary concern, weight fluctuation and weight status: further explorations of the restraint scale. Behav Res Ther. 1984;22:243–8. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(84)90004-4 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Johnson WG, Lake L, Mahan JM. Restrained eating: measuring an elusive construct. Addict Behav. 1983;8:413–8. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(83)90042-4 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Klem ML, Klesges RC, Bene CR, Mellon MW. A psychometric study of restraint: the impact of race, gender, weight and marital status. Addict Behav. 1990;15:147–52. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(90)90018-S | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Ruderman AJ, Christensen H. Restraint theory and its applicability to overweight individuals. J Abnorm Psychology. 1983;92:210–5. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.92.2.210 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Lee S, Lee AM. Disordered eating in three communities of China: a comparative study of female high school students in hong kong, Shenzhen, and rural hunan. Int J Eat Disord. 2000;27:317–27. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-108X(200004)27:3%3C317::AID-EAT9%3E3.0.CO;2-2 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Cheung PCH, Ip PLS, Lam ST, Bibby H. A study on body weight perception and weight control behaviours among adolescents in Hong Kong. HKMJ. 2007;13:16. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Davis C, Katzman MA. Chinese men and women in the United States and Hong Kong: body and self-esteem ratings as a prelude to dieting and exercise. Int J Eat Disord. 1998;23:99–102. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-108X(199801)23:1%3C99::AID-EAT13%3E3.0.CO;2-I | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Leung SF, Lee KL, Lee SM, Leung SC, Hung WS, Lee WL, et al. Psychometric properties of the SCOFF questionnaire (Chinese version) for screening eating disorders in Hong Kong secondary school students: a cross-sectional study. Int J Nurs Stud. 2009;46:239–47. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2008.09.004 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Tam CK, Ng CF, Yu CM, Young BW. Disordered eating attitudes and behaviours among adolescents in Hong Kong: prevalence and correlates. J Paediatr Child Health. 2007;43:811–7. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2007.01195.x | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Stice E, Presnell K, Spangler D. Risk factors for binge eating onset in adolescent girls: a 2-year prospective investigation. Health Psychol. 2002;21:131–8. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.21.2.131 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Stice E, Killen JD, Hayward C, Taylor CB. Age of onset for binge eating and purging during late adolescence: a 4-year survival analysis. J Abnorm Psychol. 1998;107:671–5. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.107.4.671 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Killen JD, Taylor CB, Hayward C, Wilson DM, Haydel KF, Hammer LD, et al. Pursuit of thinness and onset of eating disorder symptoms in a community sample of adolescent girls: a three-year prospective analysis. Int J Eat Disord. 1994;16:227–38. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1002/1098-108X(199411)16:3%3C227::AID-EAT2260160303%3E3.0.CO;2-L | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Patton GC, Johnson-Sabine E, Wood K, Mann AH, Wakeling A. Abnormal eating attitudes in London schoolgirls–a prospective epidemiological study: outcome at twelve month follow-up. Psychol Med. 1990;20:383–94. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1017/S0033291700017700 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Santonastaso P, Friederici S, Favaro A. Full and partial syndromes in eating disorders: a 1-year prospective study of risk factors among female students. Psychopathology. 1999;32:50–6. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1159/000029067 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Stice E, Hayward C, Cameron RP, Killen JD, Taylor CB. Body-image and eating disturbances predict onset of depression among female adolescents: a longitudinal study. J Abnorm Psychol. 2000;109:438–44. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.109.3.438 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Stice E, Bearman SK. Body-image and eating disturbances prospectively predict increases in depressive symptoms in adolescent girls: a growth curve analysis. Dev Psychol. 2001;37:597–607. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.37.5.597 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Garner DM, Olmsted MP, Bohr Y, Garfinkel PE. The eating attitudes test: psychometric features and clinical correlates. Psychol Med. 1982;12:871–8. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1017/S0033291700049163 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Lee S, Kwok K, Liau C, Leung T. Screening Chinese patients with eating disorders using the eating attitudes test in Hong Kong. Int J Eat Disord. 2002;32:91–7. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1002/eat.10064 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Hawks SR, Merrill C, Julie G, Hawks J. Validation of the motivation for eating scale. Ecol Food Nutr. 2004;43:307–26. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1080/03670240490454714 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey. BMJ. 2000;320:1240–6. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1136/bmj.320.7244.1240 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Satorra A, Bentler PM. A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis. Psychometrika. 2001;66:507–14. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1007/BF02296192 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Bentler PM. Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychol Bull. 1990;107:238–46. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Bentler PM, Bonett DG. Significance tests and goodness-of-fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychol Bull. 1980;88:588–606. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.88.3.588 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Steiger JH. Structural model evaluation and modification: an interval estaimation approach. Multivar Behav Res Ther. 1990;25:173–80. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1207/s15327906mbr2502_4 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Gregorich SE. Do self-report instruments allow meaningful comparisons across diverse population groups? Testing measurement invariance using the confirmatory factor analysis framework. Med Care. 2006;44:S78–94. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1097/01.mlr.0000245454.12228.8f | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Overduin J, Jansen A. A new scale for use in non-clinical research into disinhibitive eating. Pers Indiv Differ. 1996;20:669–77. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/0191-8869(96)00010-4 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | van Strien T, Breteler MH, Ouwens MA. Restraint scale, its sub-scales concern for dieting and weight fluctuation. Pers Indiv Differ. 2002;33:791–802. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(01)00192-1 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Laessle RG, Tuschl RJ, Kotthaus BC, Pirke KM. A comparison of the validity of three scales for the assessment of dietary restraint. J Abnorm Psychol. 1989;98:504–7. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.98.4.504 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Heatherton TF, Herman CP, Polivy J, King GA, McGree ST. The (mis)measurement of restraint: an analysis of conceptual and psychometric issues. J Abnorm Psychol. 1988;97:19–28. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.97.1.19 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Allison DB, Kalinsky LB, Gorman BS. A comparison of the psychometric properties of three measures of dietary restraint. Psychol Assess. 1992;4:391–8. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.4.3.391 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Ogden J, Ogden J. The measurement of restraint: confounding success and failure? Int J Eat Disord. 1993;13:69–76. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1002/1098-108X(199301)13:1%3C69::AID-EAT2260130109%3E3.0.CO;2-Z | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Drewnowski A, Riskey D, Desor JA. Feeling fat yet unconcerned: self-reported overweight and the restraint scale. Appetite. 1982;3:273–9. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Rodin J. Current status of the internal-external hypothesis for obesity: what went wrong? Am Psychol. 1981;36:361–72. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.36.4.361 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | Sherry B, Jefferds ME, Grummer-Strawn LM. Accuracy of adolescent self-report of height and weight in assessing overweight status: a literature review. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2007;161:1154–61. | en_US |
dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1001/archpedi.161.12.1154 | en_US |
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dc.identifier.spage | 1 | en_US |
dc.identifier.epage | 9 | en_US |
dc.identifier.eissn | 1532-7558 | en_US |
dc.identifier.isi | WOS:000304399500008 | - |
dc.description.other | Springer Open Choice, 21 Feb 2012 | en_US |
dc.identifier.citeulike | 9293353 | - |
dc.identifier.issnl | 1070-5503 | - |