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Article: Update on the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection
| Title | Update on the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection |
|---|---|
| Authors | |
| Keywords | Hepatitis B virus Hepatocellular carcinoma Mutation Risk factors Risk prediction |
| Issue Date | 2011 |
| Publisher | Current Medicine Group LLC |
| Citation | Current Hepatitis Reports, 2011, v. 10, n. 2, p. 106-111 How to Cite? |
| Abstract | Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is an important cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality, with hepatocellular carcinoma being the most life-threatening complication. Because of the highly variable clinical course of the disease, enormous research efforts have been made with the aim of revealing the factors in the natural history that are relevant to hepatocarcinogenesis. These include epidemiological studies of predisposing risk groups, viral studies of mutations within the hepatitis B viral genome, and clinical correlation of these risk factors in predicting the likelihood of development of hepatocellular cancer in susceptible hosts. This update addresses these risks, with emphasis on the latest research relevant to hepatocarcinogenesis. © 2011 The Author(s). |
| Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/145065 |
| ISSN | |
| PubMed Central ID | |
| References | Chan HL, Sung JJ. Hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B virus. Semin Liver Dis. 2006;26:153–61. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-939753 Marchio A, Pineau P, Meddeb M, et al. Distinct chromosomal abnormality pattern in primary liver cancer of non-B, non-C patients. Oncogene. 2000;19:3733–8. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1203713 Nguyen VT, Law MG, Dore GJ. Hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiological characteristics and disease burden. J Viral Hepat. 2009;16:453–63. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2009.01117.x Chen CJ, Yang HI, Su J, et al. Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma across a biological gradient of serum hepatitis B virus DNA level. JAMA. 2006;295:65–73. doi: 10.1001/jama.295.1.65 • Chen CL, Yang HI, Yang WS, et al. Metabolic factors and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma by chronic hepatitis B/C infection: a follow-up study in Taiwan. Gastroenterology 2008;135:111–121. This article describes a large Taiwanese cohort study and follow-up showing that in hepatitis B- or C-infected patients, obesity and diabetes were significant risk factors for development of HCC. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.03.073 Yuen MF, Hou JL, Chutaputti A. Hepatocellular carcinoma in the Asia Pacific region. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009;24:346–53. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2009.05784.x El-Serag HB. Hepatocellular carcinoma: recent trends in the United States. Gastroenterology. 2004;127:S27–34. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2004.09.013 Yu MW, Chang HC, Liaw YF, et al. Familial risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among chronic hepatitis B carriers and their relatives. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000;92:1159–64. doi: 10.1093/jnci/92.14.1159 Morgan TR, Mandayam S, Jamal MM. Alcohol and hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2004;127(5 Suppl 1):S87–96. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2004.09.020 Fattovich G, Bortolotti F, Donato F. Natural history of chronic hepatitis B: special emphasis on disease progression and prognostic factors. J Hepatol. 2008;48:335–52. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2007.11.011 Kim HC, Nam CM, Jee SH, et al. Normal serum aminotransferase concentration and risk of mortality from liver disease: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2004;328:983–8. doi: 10.1136/bmj.38050.593634.63 Yuen MF, Yuan HJ, Wong DKH, et al. Prognostic determinants for chronic hepatitis B in Asians: therapeutic implications. Gut. 2005;54:1610–4. doi: 10.1136/gut.2005.065136 Sherman M. Hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiology, risk factors, and screening. Semin Liver Dis. 2005;25:143–54. doi: 10.1055/s-2005-871194 Yang HI, Lu SN, Liaw YF, et al. Hepatitis B e antigen and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:168–74. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa013215 Iloeje UH, Yang HI, Su J, et al. Predicting cirrhosis risk based on the level of circulating hepatitis B viral load. Gastroenterology. 2006;130:678–86. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2005.11.016 Ito K, Arai M, Imazeki F, et al. Risks of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Scand J Gastroenterology. 2010;45:243–9. doi: 10.3109/00365520903450113 Kao JH, Chen PJ, Lai MY, et al. Basal core promoter mutations of hepatitis B virus increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B carriers. Gastroenterology. 2003;124:327–34. doi: 10.1053/gast.2003.50053 Kuang SY, Jackson PE, Wang JB, et al. Specific mutations of hepatitis B virus in plasma predict liver cancer development. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004;101:3575–80. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308232100 Guo X, Jin Y, Quan GS, Tu H. Sequential accumulation of the mutations in core promoter of hepatitis B virus is associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in Qidong, China. J Hepatol. 2008;49:718–25. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2008.06.026 Yin J, Xie J, Liu S, et al. Association between the various mutations in viral core promoter region to different stages of hepatitis B, ranging of asymptomatic carrier state to hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011;106:81–92. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2010.399 Qu LS, Liu TT, Jin F, et al. Combined pre-S deletion and core promoter mutations related to hepatocellular carcinoma: a nested case-control study in China. Hepatol Res. 2011;41:54–63. doi: 10.1111/j.1872-034X.2010.00732.x Mun HS, Lee SA, Kim H, Hwang ES, Kook YH, Kim BJ. Novel F141L preS2 mutation of hepatitis B virus increasing the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic patients with genotype C infections. J Virol 2010 doi:10.1128/JVI.01524-10. Tangkijvanich P, Sa-nguanmoo P, Mahachia V, et al. A case-control study on sequence variations in the enhancer II/core promoter/precore and X genes of hepatitis B virus in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Int. 2010;4:577–84. doi: 10.1007/s12072-010-9197-z Chen CH, Changchien CS, Lee CM, et al. Combined mutations in pre-s/surface and core promoter/precore regions of hepatitis B virus increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a case-control study. J Infect Dis. 2008;198:1634–42. doi: 10.1086/592990 • Yeh CT, So M, Ng J, et al. Hepatitis B virus-DNA level and basal core promoter A1762T/G1764A mutation in liver tissue independently predict postoperative survival in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2010;52:1922–33. This article is the first publication to look at hepatitis B viral mutations in predicting postoperative survival in histologically proven and surgically resected HCC. doi: 10.1002/hep.23898 Huang HP, Hsu HY, Chen CL, et al. Pre-S2 deletions of hepatitis B virus and hepatocellular carcinoma in children. Pediatric Research. 2010;67:90–4. doi: 10.1203/PDR.0b013e3181c1b0b7 Tong MJ, Blatt LM, Kao JH, et al. Basal core promoter T1762/A1764 and precore A1896 gene mutations in hepatitis B surface antigen-positive hepatocellular carcinoma: a comparison with chronic carriers. Liver Int. 2007;27:1356–63. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2007.01585.x Kim CM, Koike K. Saito, et al. HBx gene of hepatitis B virus induces liver cancer in transgenic mice. Nature. 1991;351:317–20. doi: 10.1038/351317a0 Muroyama R, Kato N, Yoshida H, et al. Nucleotide change of codon 38 in the X gene of hepatitis B virus genotype C is associated with an increased of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2006;45:805–12. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2006.07.025 Yeh CT, Shen CH, Tai DI, et al. Identification and characterization of a previous hepatitis B virus X protein mutant in Taiwanese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene. 2000;19:5213–20. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1203903 • Neuveut C, Wei Y, Buendia MA. Mechanisms of HBV-related hepatocarcinogenesis. J Hepatol 2010;52:594–604. This article provides a comprehensive review of the molecular mechanisms of HBV-carcinogenesis with emphasis on HBx protein and its regulatory mechanisms. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2009.10.033 Sugauchi F, Ohno T, Orito E, et al. Influence of hepatitis B virus genotypes on the development of preS deletions and advanced liver disease. J Med Virol. 2003;70:537–44. doi: 10.1002/jmv.10428 •• Yuen MF, Tanaka Y, Shinkai N, et al. Risk for hepatocellular carcinoma with respect to hepatitis B virus genotypes B/C, specific mutations of enhancer II/core promoter/precore regions and HBV DNA levels. Gut 2008;57:98–102. Comparing 248 HCC cases with 248 HBV controls, we found that core promoter mutation, T1653 (enhancer region), HBV DNA levels greater than 4 log copies/mL, and cirrhosis were independent factors for development of HCC. doi: 10.1136/gut.2007.119859 Liu SJ, Xie JX, Yin JH, et al. A matched case-control study of hepatitis B virus mutations in the preS and core promoter regions associated independently with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Med Virol. 2011;83:45–53. doi: 10.1002/jmv.21829 Kao JH, Chen PJ, Lai MY, et al. Hepatitis B genotypes correlate with clinical outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Gastroenterology. 2000;118:554–9. doi: 10.1016/S0016-5085(00)70261-7 Yuen MF, Sablon E, Yuan HJ, et al. Significance of hepatitis B genotype in acute exacerbation, HBeAg seroconversion, cirrhosis-related complications, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2003;37:562–7. doi: 10.1053/jhep.2003.50098 Sumi H, Yokosuka O, Seki N, et al. Influence of hepatitis B virus genotypes on the progression of chronic type B liver disease. Hepatology. 2003;37:19–26. doi: 10.1053/jhep.2003.50036 Yuen MF, Tanaka Y, Fong DY, et al. Independent risk factors and predictive score for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B. J Hepatol. 2009;50:80–8. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2008.07.023 Yang HI, Sherman M, Su J, et al. Nomograms for risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(14):2437–44. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2009.27.4456 Wong V, Lam S, Mo F, et al. Clinical scoring system to predict hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B carriers. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28:1660–5. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2009.26.2675 |
| DC Field | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.author | Hsu, A | en_US |
| dc.contributor.author | Lai, CL | en_US |
| dc.contributor.author | Yuen, MF | en_US |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2012-02-21T05:44:11Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2012-02-21T05:44:11Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2011 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.citation | Current Hepatitis Reports, 2011, v. 10, n. 2, p. 106-111 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.issn | 1540-3416 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/145065 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is an important cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality, with hepatocellular carcinoma being the most life-threatening complication. Because of the highly variable clinical course of the disease, enormous research efforts have been made with the aim of revealing the factors in the natural history that are relevant to hepatocarcinogenesis. These include epidemiological studies of predisposing risk groups, viral studies of mutations within the hepatitis B viral genome, and clinical correlation of these risk factors in predicting the likelihood of development of hepatocellular cancer in susceptible hosts. This update addresses these risks, with emphasis on the latest research relevant to hepatocarcinogenesis. © 2011 The Author(s). | en_US |
| dc.language | eng | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Current Medicine Group LLC | en_US |
| dc.relation.ispartof | Current Hepatitis Reports | en_US |
| dc.rights | The Author(s) | en_US |
| dc.rights | The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com | - |
| dc.subject | Hepatitis B virus | en_US |
| dc.subject | Hepatocellular carcinoma | en_US |
| dc.subject | Mutation | - |
| dc.subject | Risk factors | - |
| dc.subject | Risk prediction | - |
| dc.title | Update on the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection | en_US |
| dc.type | Article | en_US |
| dc.identifier.openurl | http://library.hku.hk:4551/resserv?sid=springerlink&genre=article&atitle=Update on the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection&title=Current Hepatitis Reports&issn=15403416&date=2011-06-01&volume=10&issue=2& spage=106&authors=Axel Hsu, Ching-Lung Lai, Man-Fung Yuen | en_US |
| dc.description.nature | published_or_final_version | en_US |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.1007/s11901-011-0094-2 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.pmid | 21654908 | - |
| dc.identifier.pmcid | PMC3085101 | - |
| dc.identifier.scopus | eid_2-s2.0-79957508039 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.hkuros | 189961 | - |
| dc.relation.references | Chan HL, Sung JJ. Hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B virus. Semin Liver Dis. 2006;26:153–61. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1055/s-2006-939753 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Marchio A, Pineau P, Meddeb M, et al. Distinct chromosomal abnormality pattern in primary liver cancer of non-B, non-C patients. Oncogene. 2000;19:3733–8. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1203713 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Nguyen VT, Law MG, Dore GJ. Hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiological characteristics and disease burden. J Viral Hepat. 2009;16:453–63. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2009.01117.x | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Chen CJ, Yang HI, Su J, et al. Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma across a biological gradient of serum hepatitis B virus DNA level. JAMA. 2006;295:65–73. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1001/jama.295.1.65 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | • Chen CL, Yang HI, Yang WS, et al. Metabolic factors and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma by chronic hepatitis B/C infection: a follow-up study in Taiwan. Gastroenterology 2008;135:111–121. This article describes a large Taiwanese cohort study and follow-up showing that in hepatitis B- or C-infected patients, obesity and diabetes were significant risk factors for development of HCC. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.03.073 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Yuen MF, Hou JL, Chutaputti A. Hepatocellular carcinoma in the Asia Pacific region. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009;24:346–53. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2009.05784.x | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | El-Serag HB. Hepatocellular carcinoma: recent trends in the United States. Gastroenterology. 2004;127:S27–34. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2004.09.013 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Yu MW, Chang HC, Liaw YF, et al. Familial risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among chronic hepatitis B carriers and their relatives. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000;92:1159–64. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1093/jnci/92.14.1159 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Morgan TR, Mandayam S, Jamal MM. Alcohol and hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2004;127(5 Suppl 1):S87–96. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2004.09.020 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Fattovich G, Bortolotti F, Donato F. Natural history of chronic hepatitis B: special emphasis on disease progression and prognostic factors. J Hepatol. 2008;48:335–52. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2007.11.011 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Kim HC, Nam CM, Jee SH, et al. Normal serum aminotransferase concentration and risk of mortality from liver disease: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2004;328:983–8. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1136/bmj.38050.593634.63 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Yuen MF, Yuan HJ, Wong DKH, et al. Prognostic determinants for chronic hepatitis B in Asians: therapeutic implications. Gut. 2005;54:1610–4. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1136/gut.2005.065136 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Sherman M. Hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiology, risk factors, and screening. Semin Liver Dis. 2005;25:143–54. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1055/s-2005-871194 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Yang HI, Lu SN, Liaw YF, et al. Hepatitis B e antigen and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:168–74. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa013215 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Iloeje UH, Yang HI, Su J, et al. Predicting cirrhosis risk based on the level of circulating hepatitis B viral load. Gastroenterology. 2006;130:678–86. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2005.11.016 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Ito K, Arai M, Imazeki F, et al. Risks of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Scand J Gastroenterology. 2010;45:243–9. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.3109/00365520903450113 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Kao JH, Chen PJ, Lai MY, et al. Basal core promoter mutations of hepatitis B virus increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B carriers. Gastroenterology. 2003;124:327–34. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1053/gast.2003.50053 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Kuang SY, Jackson PE, Wang JB, et al. Specific mutations of hepatitis B virus in plasma predict liver cancer development. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004;101:3575–80. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308232100 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Guo X, Jin Y, Quan GS, Tu H. Sequential accumulation of the mutations in core promoter of hepatitis B virus is associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in Qidong, China. J Hepatol. 2008;49:718–25. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2008.06.026 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Yin J, Xie J, Liu S, et al. Association between the various mutations in viral core promoter region to different stages of hepatitis B, ranging of asymptomatic carrier state to hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011;106:81–92. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1038/ajg.2010.399 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Qu LS, Liu TT, Jin F, et al. Combined pre-S deletion and core promoter mutations related to hepatocellular carcinoma: a nested case-control study in China. Hepatol Res. 2011;41:54–63. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1111/j.1872-034X.2010.00732.x | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Mun HS, Lee SA, Kim H, Hwang ES, Kook YH, Kim BJ. Novel F141L preS2 mutation of hepatitis B virus increasing the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic patients with genotype C infections. J Virol 2010 doi:10.1128/JVI.01524-10. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1128/JVI.01524-10 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Tangkijvanich P, Sa-nguanmoo P, Mahachia V, et al. A case-control study on sequence variations in the enhancer II/core promoter/precore and X genes of hepatitis B virus in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Int. 2010;4:577–84. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1007/s12072-010-9197-z | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Chen CH, Changchien CS, Lee CM, et al. Combined mutations in pre-s/surface and core promoter/precore regions of hepatitis B virus increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a case-control study. J Infect Dis. 2008;198:1634–42. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1086/592990 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | • Yeh CT, So M, Ng J, et al. Hepatitis B virus-DNA level and basal core promoter A1762T/G1764A mutation in liver tissue independently predict postoperative survival in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2010;52:1922–33. This article is the first publication to look at hepatitis B viral mutations in predicting postoperative survival in histologically proven and surgically resected HCC. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1002/hep.23898 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Huang HP, Hsu HY, Chen CL, et al. Pre-S2 deletions of hepatitis B virus and hepatocellular carcinoma in children. Pediatric Research. 2010;67:90–4. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1203/PDR.0b013e3181c1b0b7 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Tong MJ, Blatt LM, Kao JH, et al. Basal core promoter T1762/A1764 and precore A1896 gene mutations in hepatitis B surface antigen-positive hepatocellular carcinoma: a comparison with chronic carriers. Liver Int. 2007;27:1356–63. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2007.01585.x | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Kim CM, Koike K. Saito, et al. HBx gene of hepatitis B virus induces liver cancer in transgenic mice. Nature. 1991;351:317–20. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1038/351317a0 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Muroyama R, Kato N, Yoshida H, et al. Nucleotide change of codon 38 in the X gene of hepatitis B virus genotype C is associated with an increased of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2006;45:805–12. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2006.07.025 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Yeh CT, Shen CH, Tai DI, et al. Identification and characterization of a previous hepatitis B virus X protein mutant in Taiwanese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene. 2000;19:5213–20. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1203903 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | • Neuveut C, Wei Y, Buendia MA. Mechanisms of HBV-related hepatocarcinogenesis. J Hepatol 2010;52:594–604. This article provides a comprehensive review of the molecular mechanisms of HBV-carcinogenesis with emphasis on HBx protein and its regulatory mechanisms. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2009.10.033 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Sugauchi F, Ohno T, Orito E, et al. Influence of hepatitis B virus genotypes on the development of preS deletions and advanced liver disease. J Med Virol. 2003;70:537–44. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1002/jmv.10428 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | •• Yuen MF, Tanaka Y, Shinkai N, et al. Risk for hepatocellular carcinoma with respect to hepatitis B virus genotypes B/C, specific mutations of enhancer II/core promoter/precore regions and HBV DNA levels. Gut 2008;57:98–102. Comparing 248 HCC cases with 248 HBV controls, we found that core promoter mutation, T1653 (enhancer region), HBV DNA levels greater than 4 log copies/mL, and cirrhosis were independent factors for development of HCC. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1136/gut.2007.119859 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Liu SJ, Xie JX, Yin JH, et al. A matched case-control study of hepatitis B virus mutations in the preS and core promoter regions associated independently with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Med Virol. 2011;83:45–53. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1002/jmv.21829 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Kao JH, Chen PJ, Lai MY, et al. Hepatitis B genotypes correlate with clinical outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Gastroenterology. 2000;118:554–9. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/S0016-5085(00)70261-7 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Yuen MF, Sablon E, Yuan HJ, et al. Significance of hepatitis B genotype in acute exacerbation, HBeAg seroconversion, cirrhosis-related complications, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2003;37:562–7. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1053/jhep.2003.50098 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Sumi H, Yokosuka O, Seki N, et al. Influence of hepatitis B virus genotypes on the progression of chronic type B liver disease. Hepatology. 2003;37:19–26. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1053/jhep.2003.50036 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Yuen MF, Tanaka Y, Fong DY, et al. Independent risk factors and predictive score for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B. J Hepatol. 2009;50:80–8. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2008.07.023 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Yang HI, Sherman M, Su J, et al. Nomograms for risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(14):2437–44. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1200/JCO.2009.27.4456 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Wong V, Lam S, Mo F, et al. Clinical scoring system to predict hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B carriers. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28:1660–5. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | doi: 10.1200/JCO.2009.26.2675 | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | Gao C, Zhao HC, Li JT, et al. Diabetes and hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison of Chinese patients with and without HBV-related cirrhosis. World J Gastroenterol. 2010;16:4467–75. | en_US |
| dc.relation.references | •• Liu S, Zhang H, Gu C, et al. Associations between hepatitis B virus mutations and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009;15:1066–1082. This article describes a recent meta-analysis including 43 studies showing HBV PreS mutations, C1653T, T1753V, and A1762T/G1764A are associated with an increased risk of HCC. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.volume | 10 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.issue | 2 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.spage | 106 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.epage | 111 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.eissn | 1541-0706 | en_US |
| dc.description.other | Springer Open Choice, 21 Feb 2012 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.scopusauthorid | Hsu, A=16204995400 | - |
| dc.identifier.scopusauthorid | Lai, CL=7403086396 | - |
| dc.identifier.scopusauthorid | Yuen, MF=7102031955 | - |
| dc.identifier.citeulike | 8919883 | - |
| dc.identifier.issnl | 1540-3416 | - |