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Article: Efficiency and degradation of a copper indium diselenide photovoltaic module and yearly output at a sunny site in Jordan

TitleEfficiency and degradation of a copper indium diselenide photovoltaic module and yearly output at a sunny site in Jordan
Authors
KeywordsCopper compounds
Current voltage characteristics
Degradation
Mathematical models
Solar energy
Issue Date2006
PublisherPergamon. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/apenergy
Citation
Applied Energy, 2006, v. 83 n. 12, p. 1339-1350 How to Cite?
AbstractThe present work mainly deals with the testing and modeling of a commercially-available copper indium diselenide (CIS) ST40 module from the former Siemens Solar Industries (SSI). For this purpose, a large quantity of current/voltage characteristics were measured in the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI)'s photovoltaic test-facility under different cell temperatures, solar irradiation and air mass, AM, conditions. They were used to develop a semi-empirical efficiency model to correlate all measured data sets. The goal was to make available a model, allowing quick and accurate calculation of the performance of the CIS module under all relevant operating conditions. For the undegraded state of the module, the efficiency model allowed us to deduce the efficiency at Standard Test Conditions, STC, and its temperature coefficient at STC, which were 11.58% and minus 0.050%/°C, respectively. The output of the undegraded module under STC was found to be 42.4 W, i.e., 6% higher than specified by the manufacturer (40 W). Furthermore, the efficiency does not decrease with increasing air mass. At a cell temperature of 25 °C and a relative air mass of 1.5, the module has a maximum in efficiency of 12.0% at an irradiance of about 650 W/m2. This indicates that the series-resistance losses become significant at higher irradiances. Hence, improving the transparent conducting oxide (TCO) electrode on the front side of the cells might lead to a higher output at high irradiances. Identical testing and modeling were repeated after having exposed the module to real weather conditions for one year. We found that the STC efficiency was reduced by 9.0%, from 11.58 down to 10.54%. The temperature coefficient of the efficiency had changed from minus 0.050 %/°C to minus 0.039%/°C. These results indicate possible chemical changes in the semiconductor film. The output of the module at STC was reduced by 9.0% from 42.4 W down to 38.6 W. Using meteorological data from a sunny site in the South of Jordan (Al Qauwairah) and the efficiency model presented here allows us to predict the yearly electricity yield of the CIS module in that area. Prior to degradation, the yield was found to be 362 kWh/m2 for the Sun-tracked module; and 265 kWh/m2 for the fix-installed module (South-oriented, at an inclination angle of 30°). After degradation the corresponding yields were found to be 334 and 241 kWh/m2; meaning losses of 8.4% and 9.5%, respectively. (Note: all units of energy, kWh, are referred to the active cell area.) Having available efficiency models for other module types, similar predictions of the yield can be made, facilitating the comparisons of the yearly yields of different module types at the same site. This in turn allows selecting the best module type for a particular site. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/152590
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 10.1
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 2.820
ISI Accession Number ID

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorDurisch, Wilhelmen_US
dc.contributor.authorLam, KHen_US
dc.contributor.authorClose, Jen_US
dc.date.accessioned2012-07-16T09:43:25Z-
dc.date.available2012-07-16T09:43:25Z-
dc.date.issued2006en_US
dc.identifier.citationApplied Energy, 2006, v. 83 n. 12, p. 1339-1350en_US
dc.identifier.issn0306-2619en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/152590-
dc.description.abstractThe present work mainly deals with the testing and modeling of a commercially-available copper indium diselenide (CIS) ST40 module from the former Siemens Solar Industries (SSI). For this purpose, a large quantity of current/voltage characteristics were measured in the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI)'s photovoltaic test-facility under different cell temperatures, solar irradiation and air mass, AM, conditions. They were used to develop a semi-empirical efficiency model to correlate all measured data sets. The goal was to make available a model, allowing quick and accurate calculation of the performance of the CIS module under all relevant operating conditions. For the undegraded state of the module, the efficiency model allowed us to deduce the efficiency at Standard Test Conditions, STC, and its temperature coefficient at STC, which were 11.58% and minus 0.050%/°C, respectively. The output of the undegraded module under STC was found to be 42.4 W, i.e., 6% higher than specified by the manufacturer (40 W). Furthermore, the efficiency does not decrease with increasing air mass. At a cell temperature of 25 °C and a relative air mass of 1.5, the module has a maximum in efficiency of 12.0% at an irradiance of about 650 W/m2. This indicates that the series-resistance losses become significant at higher irradiances. Hence, improving the transparent conducting oxide (TCO) electrode on the front side of the cells might lead to a higher output at high irradiances. Identical testing and modeling were repeated after having exposed the module to real weather conditions for one year. We found that the STC efficiency was reduced by 9.0%, from 11.58 down to 10.54%. The temperature coefficient of the efficiency had changed from minus 0.050 %/°C to minus 0.039%/°C. These results indicate possible chemical changes in the semiconductor film. The output of the module at STC was reduced by 9.0% from 42.4 W down to 38.6 W. Using meteorological data from a sunny site in the South of Jordan (Al Qauwairah) and the efficiency model presented here allows us to predict the yearly electricity yield of the CIS module in that area. Prior to degradation, the yield was found to be 362 kWh/m2 for the Sun-tracked module; and 265 kWh/m2 for the fix-installed module (South-oriented, at an inclination angle of 30°). After degradation the corresponding yields were found to be 334 and 241 kWh/m2; meaning losses of 8.4% and 9.5%, respectively. (Note: all units of energy, kWh, are referred to the active cell area.) Having available efficiency models for other module types, similar predictions of the yield can be made, facilitating the comparisons of the yearly yields of different module types at the same site. This in turn allows selecting the best module type for a particular site. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.-
dc.languageengen_US
dc.publisherPergamon. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/apenergyen_US
dc.relation.ispartofApplied Energyen_US
dc.subjectCopper compounds-
dc.subjectCurrent voltage characteristics-
dc.subjectDegradation-
dc.subjectMathematical models-
dc.subjectSolar energy-
dc.titleEfficiency and degradation of a copper indium diselenide photovoltaic module and yearly output at a sunny site in Jordanen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.openurlhttp://library.hku.hk:4550/resserv?sid=HKU:IR&issn=0306-2619&volume=83&spage=1339&epage=1350&date=2006&atitle=Efficiency+and+degradation+of+a+copper+indium+diselenide+photovoltaic+module+and+yearly+output+at+a+sunny+site+in+Jordanen_US
dc.identifier.emailDurisch, Wilhelm: wilhelm.durisch@psi.chen_US
dc.identifier.emailLam, KH: samkhlam@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailClose, J: jclose@ad.arch.hku.hk-
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltext-
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.apenergy.2006.02.002-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-33748780367-
dc.identifier.hkuros200644en_US
dc.identifier.volume83en_US
dc.identifier.issue12-
dc.identifier.spage1339en_US
dc.identifier.epage1350en_US
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000241370700005-
dc.publisher.placeUnited Kingdom-
dc.identifier.issnl0306-2619-

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