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Article: Clinical course of chronic periodontitis: I. Role of gingivitis

TitleClinical course of chronic periodontitis: I. Role of gingivitis
Authors
KeywordsGingival health
Longitudinal study
Periodontal attachment loss
Risk factors
Severity levels
Issue Date2003
PublisherBlackwell Munksgaard. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journals/CPE
Citation
Journal Of Clinical Periodontology, 2003, v. 30 n. 10, p. 887-901 How to Cite?
AbstractObjectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of long-standing gingival inflammation on periodontal attachment loss. On the basis of repeated examinations, the present report describes the influence of gingival inflammation on the initiation of periodontitis from 16 to 59 years of age. Material and Methods: The data originated from a 26-year longitudinal study of Norwegian males, who practiced daily oral home care and received state-of-the-art dental care. The initial examination included 565 individuals. Subsequent examinations took place in 1971, 1973, 1975, 1981, 1988 and 1995. Thus, the study covers the age range of 16-59 years. All tooth sites were divided into four categories according to their history of gingival inflammation over the entire observation period: sites always scoring GI = 0, GI = 1 and GI = 2 sites (GI = gingival index). Sites disclosing various GI scores at different observation periods were not considered. Results: The mean cumulative attachment loss for non-inflamed (GI = 0) sites in individuals approaching 60 years of age was 1.94 mm. Sites always scoring GI = 1 yielded 2.42 mm, and sites that always scored GI = 2 exhibited 3.31 mm of periodontal attachment loss. At interproximal sites of all three groups where gingival trauma was assumed to be minimal or non-existent, only very few sites expressed attachment loss due to gingival recession (2-4%). At interproximal sites always scoring GI = 0, 20% loss of attachment was in the form of pocket formation by 59 years of age. The GI = 1 and the GI = 2 cohorts exhibited attachment loss with pocket formation in 28% and 54%, respectively. Conclusion: This study has shown that, as men approach 60 years of age, gingival sites that throughout the 26 years of observation bled on probing had approximately 70% more attachment loss than sites that were consistently non-inflamed (GI = 0). Before 40 years of age, there was a slight increase in periodontal attachment loss due to pocket formation, but after this, the frequency increased significantly. Loss of attachment due to gingival recession was very small in all three groups. The fact that sites with non-inflamed gingiva also exhibited some loss of attachment and pocket formation may be explained by fluctuation in the variations of tissue status during long observation intervals combined with the presence of subclinical inflammation.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/154267
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 5.8
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 2.249
ISI Accession Number ID
References

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorSchätzle, Men_US
dc.contributor.authorLöe, Hen_US
dc.contributor.authorBürgin, Wen_US
dc.contributor.authorÅnerud, Åen_US
dc.contributor.authorBoysen, Hen_US
dc.contributor.authorLang, NPen_US
dc.date.accessioned2012-08-08T08:24:19Z-
dc.date.available2012-08-08T08:24:19Z-
dc.date.issued2003en_US
dc.identifier.citationJournal Of Clinical Periodontology, 2003, v. 30 n. 10, p. 887-901en_US
dc.identifier.issn0303-6979en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/154267-
dc.description.abstractObjectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of long-standing gingival inflammation on periodontal attachment loss. On the basis of repeated examinations, the present report describes the influence of gingival inflammation on the initiation of periodontitis from 16 to 59 years of age. Material and Methods: The data originated from a 26-year longitudinal study of Norwegian males, who practiced daily oral home care and received state-of-the-art dental care. The initial examination included 565 individuals. Subsequent examinations took place in 1971, 1973, 1975, 1981, 1988 and 1995. Thus, the study covers the age range of 16-59 years. All tooth sites were divided into four categories according to their history of gingival inflammation over the entire observation period: sites always scoring GI = 0, GI = 1 and GI = 2 sites (GI = gingival index). Sites disclosing various GI scores at different observation periods were not considered. Results: The mean cumulative attachment loss for non-inflamed (GI = 0) sites in individuals approaching 60 years of age was 1.94 mm. Sites always scoring GI = 1 yielded 2.42 mm, and sites that always scored GI = 2 exhibited 3.31 mm of periodontal attachment loss. At interproximal sites of all three groups where gingival trauma was assumed to be minimal or non-existent, only very few sites expressed attachment loss due to gingival recession (2-4%). At interproximal sites always scoring GI = 0, 20% loss of attachment was in the form of pocket formation by 59 years of age. The GI = 1 and the GI = 2 cohorts exhibited attachment loss with pocket formation in 28% and 54%, respectively. Conclusion: This study has shown that, as men approach 60 years of age, gingival sites that throughout the 26 years of observation bled on probing had approximately 70% more attachment loss than sites that were consistently non-inflamed (GI = 0). Before 40 years of age, there was a slight increase in periodontal attachment loss due to pocket formation, but after this, the frequency increased significantly. Loss of attachment due to gingival recession was very small in all three groups. The fact that sites with non-inflamed gingiva also exhibited some loss of attachment and pocket formation may be explained by fluctuation in the variations of tissue status during long observation intervals combined with the presence of subclinical inflammation.en_US
dc.languageengen_US
dc.publisherBlackwell Munksgaard. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journals/CPEen_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Clinical Periodontologyen_US
dc.subjectGingival health-
dc.subjectLongitudinal study-
dc.subjectPeriodontal attachment loss-
dc.subjectRisk factors-
dc.subjectSeverity levels-
dc.subject.meshAdolescenten_US
dc.subject.meshAdulten_US
dc.subject.meshAge Factorsen_US
dc.subject.meshChronic Diseaseen_US
dc.subject.meshDmf Indexen_US
dc.subject.meshDental Plaque Indexen_US
dc.subject.meshGingival Recession - Complicationsen_US
dc.subject.meshGingivitis - Complicationsen_US
dc.subject.meshHumansen_US
dc.subject.meshLogistic Modelsen_US
dc.subject.meshLongitudinal Studiesen_US
dc.subject.meshMaleen_US
dc.subject.meshMiddle Ageden_US
dc.subject.meshOral Hygiene Indexen_US
dc.subject.meshPeriodontal Attachment Loss - Etiologyen_US
dc.subject.meshPeriodontal Indexen_US
dc.subject.meshPeriodontitis - Etiologyen_US
dc.titleClinical course of chronic periodontitis: I. Role of gingivitisen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.emailLang, NP:nplang@hkucc.hku.hken_US
dc.identifier.authorityLang, NP=rp00031en_US
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltexten_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1034/j.1600-051X.2003.00414.xen_US
dc.identifier.pmid14710769-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-0347510944en_US
dc.relation.referenceshttp://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-0347510944&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpageen_US
dc.identifier.volume30en_US
dc.identifier.issue10en_US
dc.identifier.spage887en_US
dc.identifier.epage901en_US
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000185899500007-
dc.publisher.placeDenmarken_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridSchätzle, M=6602163648en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLöe, H=8055073100en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridBürgin, W=7003413848en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridÅnerud, Å=6602840130en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridBoysen, H=7004836295en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLang, NP=7201577367en_US
dc.identifier.issnl0303-6979-

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