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Article: Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) seroprevalence and characterization of a distinct HIV-2 genetic subtype from the natural range of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected sooty mangabeys

TitleHuman immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) seroprevalence and characterization of a distinct HIV-2 genetic subtype from the natural range of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected sooty mangabeys
Authors
Issue Date1997
PublisherAmerican Society for Microbiology. The Journal's web site is located at http://jvi.asm.org/
Citation
Journal Of Virology, 1997, v. 71 n. 5, p. 3953-3960 How to Cite?
AbstractThe extent of zoonotic infections in rural Sierra Leone, where both feral and pet sooty mangabeys harbor divergent members of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2)-sooty mangabey simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVsm) family, was tested in blood samples collected from 9,309 human subjects in 1993. Using HIV-1- and HIV-2-specific enzyme immunoassays and confirmatory Western blot analysis to test for antibodies to SIVsm-related leotiviruses, we found only nine subjects (0.096%) who tested positive for HIV: seven tested positive for HIV-1 and two tested positive for HIV-2. Compared with other rural West African communities, Sierra Leone displayed the lowest seroprevalence (0.021%) of HIV-2 infection yet reported, much lower than the previously reported seroprevalence in SIVsm-infected fetal and household pet sooty mangabeys. Heteroduplex analysis demonstrated that two of the newly found HIV-1 strains belonged to subtype A, the most common HIV-1 subtype in Africa, but this is the first report of subtype A in Sierra Leone. The two HIV-2-infected individuals harbored two distinct HIV-2 strains, designated 93SL1 and 93SL2. Phytogenetic analysis indicated that HIV-2 93SL1 is a member of HIV-2 subtype A, the first strain of this HIV-2 subtype found in Sierra Leone. In contrast, HIV-2 93SL2 belongs to none of the five previously characterized HIV-2 subtypes (A to E) but is a new subtype, herein designated F, having the most divergent transmembrane sequences yet reported for HIV-2. The fact that both of the two most divergent HIV-2 subtypes known, E and F, are rare and found as single occurrences in persons from Sierra Leone may be related to the fact that this small region of West Africa also contains free-living and household pet sooty mangabeys with highly divergent variants of SIVsm. This finding provides support for the hypotheses that new HIV-2 subtypes result from independent cross-species transmission of SIVsm to the human population and that these single-occurrence transmission events had not spread widely into the population by 1993.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/157278
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 4.0
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 1.378
ISI Accession Number ID
References

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorChen, Zen_US
dc.contributor.authorLuckay, Aen_US
dc.contributor.authorSodora, DLen_US
dc.contributor.authorTelfer, Pen_US
dc.contributor.authorReed, Pen_US
dc.contributor.authorGettie, Aen_US
dc.contributor.authorKanu, JMen_US
dc.contributor.authorSadek, RFen_US
dc.contributor.authorYee, Jen_US
dc.contributor.authorHo, DDen_US
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Len_US
dc.contributor.authorMarx, PAen_US
dc.date.accessioned2012-08-08T08:48:35Z-
dc.date.available2012-08-08T08:48:35Z-
dc.date.issued1997en_US
dc.identifier.citationJournal Of Virology, 1997, v. 71 n. 5, p. 3953-3960en_US
dc.identifier.issn0022-538Xen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/157278-
dc.description.abstractThe extent of zoonotic infections in rural Sierra Leone, where both feral and pet sooty mangabeys harbor divergent members of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2)-sooty mangabey simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVsm) family, was tested in blood samples collected from 9,309 human subjects in 1993. Using HIV-1- and HIV-2-specific enzyme immunoassays and confirmatory Western blot analysis to test for antibodies to SIVsm-related leotiviruses, we found only nine subjects (0.096%) who tested positive for HIV: seven tested positive for HIV-1 and two tested positive for HIV-2. Compared with other rural West African communities, Sierra Leone displayed the lowest seroprevalence (0.021%) of HIV-2 infection yet reported, much lower than the previously reported seroprevalence in SIVsm-infected fetal and household pet sooty mangabeys. Heteroduplex analysis demonstrated that two of the newly found HIV-1 strains belonged to subtype A, the most common HIV-1 subtype in Africa, but this is the first report of subtype A in Sierra Leone. The two HIV-2-infected individuals harbored two distinct HIV-2 strains, designated 93SL1 and 93SL2. Phytogenetic analysis indicated that HIV-2 93SL1 is a member of HIV-2 subtype A, the first strain of this HIV-2 subtype found in Sierra Leone. In contrast, HIV-2 93SL2 belongs to none of the five previously characterized HIV-2 subtypes (A to E) but is a new subtype, herein designated F, having the most divergent transmembrane sequences yet reported for HIV-2. The fact that both of the two most divergent HIV-2 subtypes known, E and F, are rare and found as single occurrences in persons from Sierra Leone may be related to the fact that this small region of West Africa also contains free-living and household pet sooty mangabeys with highly divergent variants of SIVsm. This finding provides support for the hypotheses that new HIV-2 subtypes result from independent cross-species transmission of SIVsm to the human population and that these single-occurrence transmission events had not spread widely into the population by 1993.en_US
dc.languageengen_US
dc.publisherAmerican Society for Microbiology. The Journal's web site is located at http://jvi.asm.org/en_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Virologyen_US
dc.subject.meshAdolescenten_US
dc.subject.meshAdulten_US
dc.subject.meshAgeden_US
dc.subject.meshAmino Acid Sequenceen_US
dc.subject.meshAnimalsen_US
dc.subject.meshBlotting, Westernen_US
dc.subject.meshCercocebus Atys - Virologyen_US
dc.subject.meshChilden_US
dc.subject.meshFemaleen_US
dc.subject.meshGene Products, Env - Analysisen_US
dc.subject.meshGene Products, Gag - Analysisen_US
dc.subject.meshGenotypeen_US
dc.subject.meshHiv Seroprevalenceen_US
dc.subject.meshHiv-2 - Classification - Genetics - Immunologyen_US
dc.subject.meshHumansen_US
dc.subject.meshMaleen_US
dc.subject.meshMiddle Ageden_US
dc.subject.meshMolecular Sequence Dataen_US
dc.subject.meshPhylogenyen_US
dc.subject.meshSimian Immunodeficiency Virus - Classificationen_US
dc.titleHuman immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) seroprevalence and characterization of a distinct HIV-2 genetic subtype from the natural range of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected sooty mangabeysen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.emailChen, Z:zchenai@hkucc.hku.hken_US
dc.identifier.authorityChen, Z=rp00243en_US
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltexten_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1128/JVI.71.5.3953-3960.1997-
dc.identifier.pmid9094672-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-0031001926en_US
dc.relation.referenceshttp://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-0031001926&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpageen_US
dc.identifier.volume71en_US
dc.identifier.issue5en_US
dc.identifier.spage3953en_US
dc.identifier.epage3960en_US
dc.identifier.isiWOS:A1997WT18900068-
dc.publisher.placeUnited Statesen_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridChen, Z=35271180800en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLuckay, A=6506716479en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridSodora, DL=6701423440en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridTelfer, P=36907430100en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridReed, P=7202010927en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridGettie, A=7003730114en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridKanu, JM=6506273702en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridSadek, RF=6602717134en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridYee, J=7203044525en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridHo, DD=7402971998en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridZhang, L=8783285300en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridMarx, PA=7102894750en_US
dc.identifier.issnl0022-538X-

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