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Article: Airway obstruction in children with congenital heart disease: Assessment by flexible bronchoscopy

TitleAirway obstruction in children with congenital heart disease: Assessment by flexible bronchoscopy
Authors
KeywordsAirway obstruction
Congenital heart disease
Flexible bronchoscopy
Issue Date2002
PublisherJohn Wiley & Sons, Inc. The Journal's web site is located at http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/39249
Citation
Pediatric Pulmonology, 2002, v. 34 n. 4, p. 304-311 How to Cite?
AbstractWe assessed the spectrum of airway disorders in children with congenital cardiac anomalies, and reviewed our experience in using flexible bronchoscopy for assessment of airway problems in this patient group. The clinical records, flexible bronchoscopic findings, and cardiac imaging results of pediatric cardiac patients who presented with either clinical or radiological signs of airway obstruction between 1992-1999 were reviewed. Frexible bronchoscopic assessment was performed with the patients under sedation and topical anesthesia, using one of two bronchoscopes, i.e., an Olympus BFN20 or Olympus BF3C20. Of a total of 52 patients, 33 had acyanotic cardiovascular lesions, the commonest being left-to-right shunts (61%), while 19 had cyanotic heart lesions, with right ventricular outflow obstruction being the commonest (63%). Twenty-seven patients had undergone either surgical or transcatheter interventions. The median age at bronchoscopic assessment was 6 months (range, 4 days to 6 years). None of the patients developed significant procedural complications. A definitive diagnosis was made in 48 (92%) patients, 8 of whom had abnormalities involving only the upper airways, 35 only the lower airways, and 5 both. Abnormalities of the upper airway included laryngomalacia (n = 6), subglottic stenosis (n = 3), pharyngeal collapse (n = 2), and 1 each of choanal stenosis and supraglottitis. Extrinsic compression was the commonest lower airway abnormality that was found in 27/40 patients (67%), with a predilection for the left main bronchus (18/27, 67%). The structures that caused extrinsic compression included dilated pulmonary arteries with or without left atrial dilation (n = 20), an anomalous aortic or pulmonary arterial course (n = 3), a dilated aorta (n = 1), and a shunt (n = 1), but were not obvious in 2 patients. Intrinsic lower airway abnormalities included bronchomalacia (n = 4), tracheal stenosis (n = 4), and one each of variant bronchial bifurcation and a pouch arising from the tracheal wall. Intraluminal mucus plugging of the lower airways occurred in the remaining 3 patients. Children with congenital heart disease are at risk of airway obstruction both before and after surgery. Flexible bronchoscopy, being safe and effective in diagnosing airway disorders in this patient group, should be considered as the first line of investigation. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/170320
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 2.7
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.907
ISI Accession Number ID
References

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorLee, SLen_US
dc.contributor.authorCheung, YFen_US
dc.contributor.authorLeung, MPen_US
dc.contributor.authorNg, YKen_US
dc.contributor.authorTsoi, NSen_US
dc.date.accessioned2012-10-30T06:07:29Z-
dc.date.available2012-10-30T06:07:29Z-
dc.date.issued2002en_US
dc.identifier.citationPediatric Pulmonology, 2002, v. 34 n. 4, p. 304-311en_US
dc.identifier.issn8755-6863en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/170320-
dc.description.abstractWe assessed the spectrum of airway disorders in children with congenital cardiac anomalies, and reviewed our experience in using flexible bronchoscopy for assessment of airway problems in this patient group. The clinical records, flexible bronchoscopic findings, and cardiac imaging results of pediatric cardiac patients who presented with either clinical or radiological signs of airway obstruction between 1992-1999 were reviewed. Frexible bronchoscopic assessment was performed with the patients under sedation and topical anesthesia, using one of two bronchoscopes, i.e., an Olympus BFN20 or Olympus BF3C20. Of a total of 52 patients, 33 had acyanotic cardiovascular lesions, the commonest being left-to-right shunts (61%), while 19 had cyanotic heart lesions, with right ventricular outflow obstruction being the commonest (63%). Twenty-seven patients had undergone either surgical or transcatheter interventions. The median age at bronchoscopic assessment was 6 months (range, 4 days to 6 years). None of the patients developed significant procedural complications. A definitive diagnosis was made in 48 (92%) patients, 8 of whom had abnormalities involving only the upper airways, 35 only the lower airways, and 5 both. Abnormalities of the upper airway included laryngomalacia (n = 6), subglottic stenosis (n = 3), pharyngeal collapse (n = 2), and 1 each of choanal stenosis and supraglottitis. Extrinsic compression was the commonest lower airway abnormality that was found in 27/40 patients (67%), with a predilection for the left main bronchus (18/27, 67%). The structures that caused extrinsic compression included dilated pulmonary arteries with or without left atrial dilation (n = 20), an anomalous aortic or pulmonary arterial course (n = 3), a dilated aorta (n = 1), and a shunt (n = 1), but were not obvious in 2 patients. Intrinsic lower airway abnormalities included bronchomalacia (n = 4), tracheal stenosis (n = 4), and one each of variant bronchial bifurcation and a pouch arising from the tracheal wall. Intraluminal mucus plugging of the lower airways occurred in the remaining 3 patients. Children with congenital heart disease are at risk of airway obstruction both before and after surgery. Flexible bronchoscopy, being safe and effective in diagnosing airway disorders in this patient group, should be considered as the first line of investigation. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.en_US
dc.languageengen_US
dc.publisherJohn Wiley & Sons, Inc. The Journal's web site is located at http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/39249en_US
dc.relation.ispartofPediatric Pulmonologyen_US
dc.subjectAirway obstruction-
dc.subjectCongenital heart disease-
dc.subjectFlexible bronchoscopy-
dc.subject.meshAirway Obstruction - Complications - Diagnosisen_US
dc.subject.meshBronchoscopy - Methodsen_US
dc.subject.meshChilden_US
dc.subject.meshChild, Preschoolen_US
dc.subject.meshFemaleen_US
dc.subject.meshHeart Defects, Congenital - Complicationsen_US
dc.subject.meshHumansen_US
dc.subject.meshInfanten_US
dc.subject.meshInfant, Newbornen_US
dc.subject.meshMaleen_US
dc.subject.meshRespiratory System Abnormalities - Diagnosisen_US
dc.titleAirway obstruction in children with congenital heart disease: Assessment by flexible bronchoscopyen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.emailCheung, YF:xfcheung@hku.hken_US
dc.identifier.authorityCheung, YF=rp00382en_US
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltexten_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/ppul.10164en_US
dc.identifier.pmid12205572-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-0036784990en_US
dc.identifier.hkuros74824-
dc.relation.referenceshttp://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036784990&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpageen_US
dc.identifier.volume34en_US
dc.identifier.issue4en_US
dc.identifier.spage304en_US
dc.identifier.epage311en_US
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000178269800008-
dc.publisher.placeUnited Statesen_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLee, SL=8708381600en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridCheung, YF=7202111067en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLeung, MP=7201944800en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridNg, YK=55225406300en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridTsoi, NS=6603693887en_US
dc.identifier.issnl1099-0496-

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