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postgraduate thesis: Network performance isolation for virtual machines
Title | Network performance isolation for virtual machines |
---|---|
Authors | |
Advisors | Advisor(s):Wang, CL |
Issue Date | 2011 |
Publisher | The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) |
Citation | Cheng, L. [程芦伟]. (2011). Network performance isolation for virtual machines. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b4775318 |
Abstract | Cloud computing is a new computing paradigm that aims to transform computing
services into a utility, just as providing electricity in a “pay-as-you-go”
manner. Data centers are increasingly adopting virtualization technology for the
purpose of server consolidation, flexible resource management and better fault
tolerance. Virtualization-based cloud services host networked applications in virtual
machines (VMs), with each VM provided the desired amount of resources
using resource isolation mechanisms.
Effective network performance isolation is fundamental to data centers, which
offers significant benefit of performance predictability for applications. This research
is application-driven. We study how network performance isolation can be
achieved for latency-sensitive cloud applications. For media streaming applications,
network performance isolation means both predicable network bandwidth
and low-jittered network latency. The current resource sharing methods for VMs
mainly focus on resource proportional share, whereas ignore the fact that I/O latency
in VM-hosted platforms is mostly related to resource provisioning rate. The
resource isolation with only quantitative promise does not sufficiently guarantee
performance isolation. Even the VM is allocated with adequate resources such as
CPU time and network bandwidth, problems such as network jitter (variation in
packet delays) can still happen if the resources are provisioned at inappropriate
moments. So in order to achieve performance isolation, the problem is not only
how many/much resources each VM gets, but more importantly whether the resources are provisioned in a timely manner. How to guarantee both requirements
to be achieved in resource allocation is challenging.
This thesis systematically analyzes the causes of unpredictable network latency
in VM-hosted platforms, with both technical discussion and experimental
illustration. We identify that the varied network latency is jointly caused by
VMM CPU scheduler and network traffic shaper, and then address the problem
in these two parts. In our solutions, we consider the design goals of resource
provisioning rate and resource proportionality as two orthogonal dimensions. In
the hypervisor, a proportional share CPU scheduler with soft real-time support
is proposed to guarantee predictable scheduling delay; in network traffic shaper,
we introduce the concept of smooth window to smooth packet delay and apply
closed-loop feedback control to maintain network bandwidth consumption.
The solutions are implemented in Xen 4.1.0 and Linux 2.6.32.13, which are
both the latest versions when this research was conducted. Extensive experiments
have been carried out using both real-life applications and low-level benchmarks.
Testing results show that the proposed solutions can effectively guarantee network
performance isolation, by achieving both predefined network bandwidth and low-jittered
network latency. |
Degree | Master of Philosophy |
Subject | Cloud computing. Virtual computer systems. Network performance (Telecommunication) |
Dept/Program | Computer Science |
Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/174498 |
HKU Library Item ID | b4775318 |
DC Field | Value | Language |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | Wang, CL | - |
dc.contributor.author | Cheng, Luwei. | - |
dc.contributor.author | 程芦伟. | - |
dc.date.issued | 2011 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | Cheng, L. [程芦伟]. (2011). Network performance isolation for virtual machines. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b4775318 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/174498 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Cloud computing is a new computing paradigm that aims to transform computing services into a utility, just as providing electricity in a “pay-as-you-go” manner. Data centers are increasingly adopting virtualization technology for the purpose of server consolidation, flexible resource management and better fault tolerance. Virtualization-based cloud services host networked applications in virtual machines (VMs), with each VM provided the desired amount of resources using resource isolation mechanisms. Effective network performance isolation is fundamental to data centers, which offers significant benefit of performance predictability for applications. This research is application-driven. We study how network performance isolation can be achieved for latency-sensitive cloud applications. For media streaming applications, network performance isolation means both predicable network bandwidth and low-jittered network latency. The current resource sharing methods for VMs mainly focus on resource proportional share, whereas ignore the fact that I/O latency in VM-hosted platforms is mostly related to resource provisioning rate. The resource isolation with only quantitative promise does not sufficiently guarantee performance isolation. Even the VM is allocated with adequate resources such as CPU time and network bandwidth, problems such as network jitter (variation in packet delays) can still happen if the resources are provisioned at inappropriate moments. So in order to achieve performance isolation, the problem is not only how many/much resources each VM gets, but more importantly whether the resources are provisioned in a timely manner. How to guarantee both requirements to be achieved in resource allocation is challenging. This thesis systematically analyzes the causes of unpredictable network latency in VM-hosted platforms, with both technical discussion and experimental illustration. We identify that the varied network latency is jointly caused by VMM CPU scheduler and network traffic shaper, and then address the problem in these two parts. In our solutions, we consider the design goals of resource provisioning rate and resource proportionality as two orthogonal dimensions. In the hypervisor, a proportional share CPU scheduler with soft real-time support is proposed to guarantee predictable scheduling delay; in network traffic shaper, we introduce the concept of smooth window to smooth packet delay and apply closed-loop feedback control to maintain network bandwidth consumption. The solutions are implemented in Xen 4.1.0 and Linux 2.6.32.13, which are both the latest versions when this research was conducted. Extensive experiments have been carried out using both real-life applications and low-level benchmarks. Testing results show that the proposed solutions can effectively guarantee network performance isolation, by achieving both predefined network bandwidth and low-jittered network latency. | - |
dc.language | eng | - |
dc.publisher | The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) | - |
dc.relation.ispartof | HKU Theses Online (HKUTO) | - |
dc.rights | The author retains all proprietary rights, (such as patent rights) and the right to use in future works. | - |
dc.rights | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. | - |
dc.source.uri | http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47753183 | - |
dc.subject.lcsh | Cloud computing. | - |
dc.subject.lcsh | Virtual computer systems. | - |
dc.subject.lcsh | Network performance (Telecommunication) | - |
dc.title | Network performance isolation for virtual machines | - |
dc.type | PG_Thesis | - |
dc.identifier.hkul | b4775318 | - |
dc.description.thesisname | Master of Philosophy | - |
dc.description.thesislevel | Master | - |
dc.description.thesisdiscipline | Computer Science | - |
dc.description.nature | published_or_final_version | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.5353/th_b4775318 | - |
dc.date.hkucongregation | 2012 | - |
dc.identifier.mmsid | 991033468149703414 | - |