Management of dry eye disease: a systematic approach for the primary care physician

Abstract

Dry eye disease is a common condition of the ocular surface. It is multifactorial and often chronic, presenting with non-specific but very troubling symptoms. It causes considerable impairment to quality of life and poses significant health care costs to society. The diagnosis and classification of dry eye disease requires a careful history and physical examination, while bedside or clinic-based tests may provide additional useful but non-essential information. A systematic and stepwise approach to treatment, with an emphasis on patient empowerment through lifestyle modification, is recommended as it ensures a logical progression that is easily understandable by the patient. This papers aims to demonstrate that dry eye disease management can be a fulfilling experience for both the primary care physician and the patient.