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Article: Kirigami Nanocomposites as Wide-Angle Diffraction Gratings

TitleKirigami Nanocomposites as Wide-Angle Diffraction Gratings
Authors
KeywordsLIDARS
4D kirigami
adaptive optics
autonomous vehicles
kirigami materials
LADARs
layer-by-layer assembly
nanocomposites
perception systems
robots
stretchable devices
Issue Date2016
Citation
ACS Nano, 2016, v. 10, n. 6, p. 6156-6162 How to Cite?
Abstract© 2016 American Chemical Society. Beam steering devices represent an essential part of an advanced optics toolbox and are needed in a spectrum of technologies ranging from astronomy and agriculture to biosensing and networked vehicles. Diffraction gratings with strain-tunable periodicity simplify beam steering and can serve as a foundation for light/laser radar (LIDAR/LADAR) components of robotic systems. However, the mechanical properties of traditional materials severely limit the beam steering angle and cycle life. The large strain applied to gratings can severely impair the device performance both in respect of longevity and diffraction pattern fidelity. Here, we show that this problem can be resolved using micromanufactured kirigami patterns from thin film nanocomposites based on high-performance stiff plastics, metals, and carbon nanotubes, etc. The kirigami pattern of microscale slits reduces the stochastic concentration of strain in stiff nanocomposites including those made by layer-by-layer assembly (LBL). The slit patterning affords reduction of strain by 2 orders of magnitude for stretching deformation and consequently enables reconfigurable optical gratings with over a 100% range of period tunability. Elasticity of the stiff nanocomposites and plastics makes possible cyclic reconfigurability of the grating with variable time constant that can also be referred to as 4D kirigami. High-contrast, sophisticated diffraction patterns with as high as fifth diffraction order can be obtained. The angular range of beam steering can be as large as 6.5° for a 635 nm laser beam compared to ∼1° in surface-grooved elastomer gratings and ∼0.02° in MEMS gratings. The versatility of the kirigami patterns, the diversity of the available nanocomposite materials, and their advantageous mechanical properties of the foundational materials open the path for engineering of reconfigurable optical elements in LIDARs essential for autonomous vehicles and other optical devices with spectral range determined by the kirigami periodicity.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/265695
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 15.8
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 4.593
ISI Accession Number ID

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorXu, Lizhi-
dc.contributor.authorWang, Xinzhi-
dc.contributor.authorKim, Yoonseob-
dc.contributor.authorShyu, Terry C.-
dc.contributor.authorLyu, Jing-
dc.contributor.authorKotov, Nicholas A.-
dc.date.accessioned2018-12-03T01:21:25Z-
dc.date.available2018-12-03T01:21:25Z-
dc.date.issued2016-
dc.identifier.citationACS Nano, 2016, v. 10, n. 6, p. 6156-6162-
dc.identifier.issn1936-0851-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/265695-
dc.description.abstract© 2016 American Chemical Society. Beam steering devices represent an essential part of an advanced optics toolbox and are needed in a spectrum of technologies ranging from astronomy and agriculture to biosensing and networked vehicles. Diffraction gratings with strain-tunable periodicity simplify beam steering and can serve as a foundation for light/laser radar (LIDAR/LADAR) components of robotic systems. However, the mechanical properties of traditional materials severely limit the beam steering angle and cycle life. The large strain applied to gratings can severely impair the device performance both in respect of longevity and diffraction pattern fidelity. Here, we show that this problem can be resolved using micromanufactured kirigami patterns from thin film nanocomposites based on high-performance stiff plastics, metals, and carbon nanotubes, etc. The kirigami pattern of microscale slits reduces the stochastic concentration of strain in stiff nanocomposites including those made by layer-by-layer assembly (LBL). The slit patterning affords reduction of strain by 2 orders of magnitude for stretching deformation and consequently enables reconfigurable optical gratings with over a 100% range of period tunability. Elasticity of the stiff nanocomposites and plastics makes possible cyclic reconfigurability of the grating with variable time constant that can also be referred to as 4D kirigami. High-contrast, sophisticated diffraction patterns with as high as fifth diffraction order can be obtained. The angular range of beam steering can be as large as 6.5° for a 635 nm laser beam compared to ∼1° in surface-grooved elastomer gratings and ∼0.02° in MEMS gratings. The versatility of the kirigami patterns, the diversity of the available nanocomposite materials, and their advantageous mechanical properties of the foundational materials open the path for engineering of reconfigurable optical elements in LIDARs essential for autonomous vehicles and other optical devices with spectral range determined by the kirigami periodicity.-
dc.languageeng-
dc.relation.ispartofACS Nano-
dc.subjectLIDARS-
dc.subject4D kirigami-
dc.subjectadaptive optics-
dc.subjectautonomous vehicles-
dc.subjectkirigami materials-
dc.subjectLADARs-
dc.subjectlayer-by-layer assembly-
dc.subjectnanocomposites-
dc.subjectperception systems-
dc.subjectrobots-
dc.subjectstretchable devices-
dc.titleKirigami Nanocomposites as Wide-Angle Diffraction Gratings-
dc.typeArticle-
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltext-
dc.identifier.doi10.1021/acsnano.6b02096-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-84976580003-
dc.identifier.volume10-
dc.identifier.issue6-
dc.identifier.spage6156-
dc.identifier.epage6162-
dc.identifier.eissn1936-086X-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000378973700062-
dc.identifier.issnl1936-0851-

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