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Article: Numerical modelling to evaluate the nitrogen removal rate in hyporheic zone and its implications for stream management
Title | Numerical modelling to evaluate the nitrogen removal rate in hyporheic zone and its implications for stream management |
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Authors | |
Keywords | denitrification genetic programming hyporheic restoration hyporheic zone nitrification |
Issue Date | 2019 |
Publisher | John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The Journal's web site is located at http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/4125 |
Citation | Hydrological Processes, 2019, v. 33 n. 24, p. 3084-3097 How to Cite? |
Abstract | The hyporheic zone (HZ) plays a vital role in the stream ecosystem. Reactions in the HZ such as denitrification and nitrification have been examined in previous studies. However, no numerical model has yet been developed that can accurately simulate nitrogen concentration changes in the HZ, because the zones for the two reactions can change throughout the reactions. This study proposes a method of evaluating the nitrogen removal rate in the HZ through numerical modelling. First, a basic two-dimensional numerical model coupling flow conditions with biochemical reactions is proposed to consider both nitrification and denitrification. The zones for different reactions are determined under the assumption that related environmental variables (i.e., the dissolved oxygen) will not change throughout the reactions. Next, to examine changes in environmental variables throughout the reactions, an improved model is proposed, and a method is developed for delineating the boundary between nitrification and denitrification zones and identifying a transition zone where either reaction might take place. However, more information about biochemical reactions in the HZ is required to use the improved model. To overcome this shortcoming, a new model that couples the basic model and genetic programming (GP) is proposed to optimize the simulation results of the basic model and allow for real-time forecasting. The results show that the basic model obtains acceptable simulation results for nitrate concentration distribution in the HZ. The improved model performs better than the basic model, but the model coupling the basic model with GP performs best. In addition, the function of the HZ in nitrogen removal is examined through a case study of four scenarios, leading to the conclusion that the HZ has a higher nitrogen removal rate when water quality is neither too poor nor too good. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of the HZ and can benefit the restoration and management of HZs and streams in the face of the continual degradation caused by human activity. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/274899 |
ISSN | 2023 Impact Factor: 2.8 2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.954 |
ISI Accession Number ID |
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Liu, S | - |
dc.contributor.author | Chui, TFM | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2019-09-10T02:31:11Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2019-09-10T02:31:11Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2019 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | Hydrological Processes, 2019, v. 33 n. 24, p. 3084-3097 | - |
dc.identifier.issn | 0885-6087 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/274899 | - |
dc.description.abstract | The hyporheic zone (HZ) plays a vital role in the stream ecosystem. Reactions in the HZ such as denitrification and nitrification have been examined in previous studies. However, no numerical model has yet been developed that can accurately simulate nitrogen concentration changes in the HZ, because the zones for the two reactions can change throughout the reactions. This study proposes a method of evaluating the nitrogen removal rate in the HZ through numerical modelling. First, a basic two-dimensional numerical model coupling flow conditions with biochemical reactions is proposed to consider both nitrification and denitrification. The zones for different reactions are determined under the assumption that related environmental variables (i.e., the dissolved oxygen) will not change throughout the reactions. Next, to examine changes in environmental variables throughout the reactions, an improved model is proposed, and a method is developed for delineating the boundary between nitrification and denitrification zones and identifying a transition zone where either reaction might take place. However, more information about biochemical reactions in the HZ is required to use the improved model. To overcome this shortcoming, a new model that couples the basic model and genetic programming (GP) is proposed to optimize the simulation results of the basic model and allow for real-time forecasting. The results show that the basic model obtains acceptable simulation results for nitrate concentration distribution in the HZ. The improved model performs better than the basic model, but the model coupling the basic model with GP performs best. In addition, the function of the HZ in nitrogen removal is examined through a case study of four scenarios, leading to the conclusion that the HZ has a higher nitrogen removal rate when water quality is neither too poor nor too good. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of the HZ and can benefit the restoration and management of HZs and streams in the face of the continual degradation caused by human activity. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. | - |
dc.language | eng | - |
dc.publisher | John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The Journal's web site is located at http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/4125 | - |
dc.relation.ispartof | Hydrological Processes | - |
dc.rights | Preprint This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: [FULL CITE], which has been published in final form at [Link to final article using the DOI]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. Postprint This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: [FULL CITE], which has been published in final form at [Link to final article using the DOI]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. | - |
dc.subject | denitrification | - |
dc.subject | genetic programming | - |
dc.subject | hyporheic restoration | - |
dc.subject | hyporheic zone | - |
dc.subject | nitrification | - |
dc.title | Numerical modelling to evaluate the nitrogen removal rate in hyporheic zone and its implications for stream management | - |
dc.type | Article | - |
dc.identifier.email | Chui, TFM: maychui@hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Chui, TFM=rp01696 | - |
dc.description.nature | link_to_subscribed_fulltext | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1002/hyp.13548 | - |
dc.identifier.scopus | eid_2-s2.0-85069943292 | - |
dc.identifier.hkuros | 304847 | - |
dc.identifier.volume | 33 | - |
dc.identifier.issue | 24 | - |
dc.identifier.spage | 3084 | - |
dc.identifier.epage | 3097 | - |
dc.identifier.isi | WOS:000479331200001 | - |
dc.publisher.place | United Kingdom | - |
dc.identifier.issnl | 0885-6087 | - |