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- Publisher Website: 10.1111/brv.12480
- Scopus: eid_2-s2.0-85056998575
- PMID: 30467930
- WOS: WOS:000467422400006
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Article: Emerging threats and persistent conservation challenges for freshwater biodiversity
Title | Emerging threats and persistent conservation challenges for freshwater biodiversity |
---|---|
Authors | |
Keywords | climate change endangered species lakes management mitigation |
Issue Date | 2019 |
Publisher | Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.wiley.com/bw/journal.asp?ref=1464-7931 |
Citation | Biological Reviews, 2019, v. 94 n. 3, p. 849-873 How to Cite? |
Abstract | In the 12 years since Dudgeon et al. (2006) reviewed major pressures on freshwater ecosystems, the biodiversity crisis in the world's lakes, reservoirs, rivers, streams and wetlands has deepened. While lakes, reservoirs and rivers cover only 2.3% of the Earth's surface, these ecosystems host at least 9.5% of the Earth's described animal species. Furthermore, using the World Wide Fund for Nature's Living Planet Index, freshwater population declines (83% between 1970 and 2014) continue to outpace contemporaneous declines in marine or terrestrial systems. The Anthropocene has brought multiple new and varied threats that disproportionately impact freshwater systems. We document 12 emerging threats to freshwater biodiversity that are either entirely new since 2006 or have since intensified: (i) changing climates; (ii) e‐commerce and invasions; (iii) infectious diseases; (iv) harmful algal blooms; (v) expanding hydropower; (vi) emerging contaminants; (vii) engineered nanomaterials; (viii) microplastic pollution; (ix) light and noise; (x) freshwater salinisation; (xi) declining calcium; and (xii) cumulative stressors. Effects are evidenced for amphibians, fishes, invertebrates, microbes, plants, turtles and waterbirds, with potential for ecosystem‐level changes through bottom‐up and top‐down processes. In our highly uncertain future, the net effects of these threats raise serious concerns for freshwater ecosystems. However, we also highlight opportunities for conservation gains as a result of novel management tools (e.g. environmental flows, environmental DNA) and specific conservation‐oriented actions (e.g. dam removal, habitat protection policies, managed relocation of species) that have been met with varying levels of success. Moving forward, we advocate hybrid approaches that manage fresh waters as crucial ecosystems for human life support as well as essential hotspots of biodiversity and ecological function. Efforts to reverse global trends in freshwater degradation now depend on bridging an immense gap between the aspirations of conservation biologists and the accelerating rate of species endangerment. |
Description | Link to Free access |
Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/275420 |
ISSN | 2023 Impact Factor: 11.0 2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 4.347 |
ISI Accession Number ID |
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Reid, AJ | - |
dc.contributor.author | Carlson, AK | - |
dc.contributor.author | Creed, IF | - |
dc.contributor.author | Eliason, EJ | - |
dc.contributor.author | Gell, PA | - |
dc.contributor.author | Johnson, PTJ | - |
dc.contributor.author | Kidd, KA | - |
dc.contributor.author | MacCormack, TJ | - |
dc.contributor.author | Olden, JD | - |
dc.contributor.author | Ormerod, SJ | - |
dc.contributor.author | Smol, JP | - |
dc.contributor.author | Taylor, WW | - |
dc.contributor.author | Tockner, K | - |
dc.contributor.author | Vermaire, JC | - |
dc.contributor.author | Dudgeon, D | - |
dc.contributor.author | Cooke, SJ | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2019-09-10T02:42:13Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2019-09-10T02:42:13Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2019 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | Biological Reviews, 2019, v. 94 n. 3, p. 849-873 | - |
dc.identifier.issn | 1464-7931 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/275420 | - |
dc.description | Link to Free access | - |
dc.description.abstract | In the 12 years since Dudgeon et al. (2006) reviewed major pressures on freshwater ecosystems, the biodiversity crisis in the world's lakes, reservoirs, rivers, streams and wetlands has deepened. While lakes, reservoirs and rivers cover only 2.3% of the Earth's surface, these ecosystems host at least 9.5% of the Earth's described animal species. Furthermore, using the World Wide Fund for Nature's Living Planet Index, freshwater population declines (83% between 1970 and 2014) continue to outpace contemporaneous declines in marine or terrestrial systems. The Anthropocene has brought multiple new and varied threats that disproportionately impact freshwater systems. We document 12 emerging threats to freshwater biodiversity that are either entirely new since 2006 or have since intensified: (i) changing climates; (ii) e‐commerce and invasions; (iii) infectious diseases; (iv) harmful algal blooms; (v) expanding hydropower; (vi) emerging contaminants; (vii) engineered nanomaterials; (viii) microplastic pollution; (ix) light and noise; (x) freshwater salinisation; (xi) declining calcium; and (xii) cumulative stressors. Effects are evidenced for amphibians, fishes, invertebrates, microbes, plants, turtles and waterbirds, with potential for ecosystem‐level changes through bottom‐up and top‐down processes. In our highly uncertain future, the net effects of these threats raise serious concerns for freshwater ecosystems. However, we also highlight opportunities for conservation gains as a result of novel management tools (e.g. environmental flows, environmental DNA) and specific conservation‐oriented actions (e.g. dam removal, habitat protection policies, managed relocation of species) that have been met with varying levels of success. Moving forward, we advocate hybrid approaches that manage fresh waters as crucial ecosystems for human life support as well as essential hotspots of biodiversity and ecological function. Efforts to reverse global trends in freshwater degradation now depend on bridging an immense gap between the aspirations of conservation biologists and the accelerating rate of species endangerment. | - |
dc.language | eng | - |
dc.publisher | Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.wiley.com/bw/journal.asp?ref=1464-7931 | - |
dc.relation.ispartof | Biological Reviews | - |
dc.rights | Preprint This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: [FULL CITE], which has been published in final form at [Link to final article using the DOI]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. Postprint This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: [FULL CITE], which has been published in final form at [Link to final article using the DOI]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. | - |
dc.subject | climate change | - |
dc.subject | endangered species | - |
dc.subject | lakes | - |
dc.subject | management | - |
dc.subject | mitigation | - |
dc.title | Emerging threats and persistent conservation challenges for freshwater biodiversity | - |
dc.type | Article | - |
dc.identifier.email | Dudgeon, D: ddudgeon@hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Dudgeon, D=rp00691 | - |
dc.description.nature | link_to_subscribed_fulltext | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1111/brv.12480 | - |
dc.identifier.pmid | 30467930 | - |
dc.identifier.scopus | eid_2-s2.0-85056998575 | - |
dc.identifier.hkuros | 304036 | - |
dc.identifier.volume | 94 | - |
dc.identifier.issue | 3 | - |
dc.identifier.spage | 849 | - |
dc.identifier.epage | 873 | - |
dc.identifier.isi | WOS:000467422400006 | - |
dc.publisher.place | United Kingdom | - |
dc.identifier.issnl | 0006-3231 | - |