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Article: Comparison of alternative full and brief versions of functional status scales among older adults in China

TitleComparison of alternative full and brief versions of functional status scales among older adults in China
Authors
Keywordsadult
aged
cohort analysis
controlled study
daily life activity
Issue Date2020
PublisherPublic Library of Science. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.plosone.org/home.action
Citation
PLoS One, 2020, v. 15 n. 8, p. article no. e0234698 How to Cite?
AbstractBackground: Brief assessments of functional status for community-dwelling older adults are needed given expanded interest in the measurement of functional decline. Methods: As part of a 2015 prospective cohort study of older adults aged 60–89 years in Jiangsu Province, China, 1506 participants were randomly assigned to two groups; each group was administered one of two alternative 20-item versions of a scale to assess activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) drawn from multiple commonly-used scales. One version asked if they required help to perform activities (ADL-IADL-HELP-20), while the other version provided additional response options if activities could be done alone but with difficulty (ADL-IADL-DIFFICULTY-20). Item responses to both versions were compared using the binomial test for differences in proportion (with Wald 95% confidence interval [CI]). A brief 9-item scale (ADL-IADL-DIFFICULTY-9) was developed favoring items identified as difficult or requiring help by ≥4%, with low redundancy and/or residual correlations, and with significant correlations with age and other health indicators. We repeated assessment of the measurement properties of the brief scale in two subsequent samples of older adults in Hong Kong in 2016 (aged 70–79 years; n = 404) and 2017 (aged 65–82 years; n = 1854). Results: Asking if an activity can be done alone but with difficulty increased the proportion of participants reporting restriction on 9 of 20 items, for which 95% CI for difference scores did not overlap with zero; the proportion with at least one limitation increased from 28.6% to 34.2% or an absolute increase of 5.6% (95% CI = 0.9–10.3%), which was a relative increase of 19.6%. The brief ADL-IADL-DIFFICULTY-9 maintained excellent internal consistency (α = 0.93) and had similar ceiling effect (68.1%), invariant item ordering (H trans = .41; medium), and correlations with age and other health measures compared with the 20-item version. The brief scale performed similarly when subsequently administered to older adults in Hong Kong. Conclusions: Asking if tasks can be done alone but with difficulty can modestly reduce ceiling effects. It’s possible that the length of commonly-used scales can be reduced by over half if researchers are primarily interested in a summed indicator rather than an inventory of specific types of deficits.
DescriptionOn behalf of the CARES investigators
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/290007
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 2.9
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.839
PubMed Central ID
ISI Accession Number ID

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorReich, J-
dc.contributor.authorThompson, MG-
dc.contributor.authorCowling, BJ-
dc.contributor.authorIuliano, AD-
dc.contributor.authorGreene, C-
dc.contributor.authorChen, Y-
dc.contributor.authorPhadnis, R-
dc.contributor.authorLeung, NHL-
dc.contributor.authorSong, Y-
dc.contributor.authorFang, VJ-
dc.contributor.authorXu, C-
dc.contributor.authorDai, Q-
dc.contributor.authorZhang, J-
dc.contributor.authorZhang, H-
dc.contributor.authorHavers, F-
dc.contributor.authorGuan, Y-
dc.contributor.authorLam, CK-
dc.contributor.authorXIONG, Q-
dc.contributor.authorPeiris, JSM-
dc.date.accessioned2020-10-22T08:20:36Z-
dc.date.available2020-10-22T08:20:36Z-
dc.date.issued2020-
dc.identifier.citationPLoS One, 2020, v. 15 n. 8, p. article no. e0234698-
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/290007-
dc.descriptionOn behalf of the CARES investigators-
dc.description.abstractBackground: Brief assessments of functional status for community-dwelling older adults are needed given expanded interest in the measurement of functional decline. Methods: As part of a 2015 prospective cohort study of older adults aged 60–89 years in Jiangsu Province, China, 1506 participants were randomly assigned to two groups; each group was administered one of two alternative 20-item versions of a scale to assess activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) drawn from multiple commonly-used scales. One version asked if they required help to perform activities (ADL-IADL-HELP-20), while the other version provided additional response options if activities could be done alone but with difficulty (ADL-IADL-DIFFICULTY-20). Item responses to both versions were compared using the binomial test for differences in proportion (with Wald 95% confidence interval [CI]). A brief 9-item scale (ADL-IADL-DIFFICULTY-9) was developed favoring items identified as difficult or requiring help by ≥4%, with low redundancy and/or residual correlations, and with significant correlations with age and other health indicators. We repeated assessment of the measurement properties of the brief scale in two subsequent samples of older adults in Hong Kong in 2016 (aged 70–79 years; n = 404) and 2017 (aged 65–82 years; n = 1854). Results: Asking if an activity can be done alone but with difficulty increased the proportion of participants reporting restriction on 9 of 20 items, for which 95% CI for difference scores did not overlap with zero; the proportion with at least one limitation increased from 28.6% to 34.2% or an absolute increase of 5.6% (95% CI = 0.9–10.3%), which was a relative increase of 19.6%. The brief ADL-IADL-DIFFICULTY-9 maintained excellent internal consistency (α = 0.93) and had similar ceiling effect (68.1%), invariant item ordering (H trans = .41; medium), and correlations with age and other health measures compared with the 20-item version. The brief scale performed similarly when subsequently administered to older adults in Hong Kong. Conclusions: Asking if tasks can be done alone but with difficulty can modestly reduce ceiling effects. It’s possible that the length of commonly-used scales can be reduced by over half if researchers are primarily interested in a summed indicator rather than an inventory of specific types of deficits.-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisherPublic Library of Science. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.plosone.org/home.action-
dc.relation.ispartofPLoS One-
dc.rightsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.-
dc.subjectadult-
dc.subjectaged-
dc.subjectcohort analysis-
dc.subjectcontrolled study-
dc.subjectdaily life activity-
dc.titleComparison of alternative full and brief versions of functional status scales among older adults in China-
dc.typeArticle-
dc.identifier.emailCowling, BJ: bcowling@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailChen, Y: echochen@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailLeung, NHL: nanleung@connect.hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailGuan, Y: yguan@hkucc.hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailLam, CK: ckinlam@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailPeiris, JSM: malik@hkucc.hku.hk-
dc.identifier.authorityCowling, BJ=rp01326-
dc.identifier.authorityLeung, NHL=rp02637-
dc.identifier.authorityGuan, Y=rp00397-
dc.identifier.authorityPeiris, JSM=rp00410-
dc.description.naturepublished_or_final_version-
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0234698-
dc.identifier.pmid32780744-
dc.identifier.pmcidPMC7418957-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-85089360053-
dc.identifier.hkuros316479-
dc.identifier.volume15-
dc.identifier.issue8-
dc.identifier.spagearticle no. e0234698-
dc.identifier.epagearticle no. e0234698-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000562664700004-
dc.publisher.placeUnited States-
dc.identifier.issnl1932-6203-

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