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Article: Molecular requirements for a pandemic influenza virus: An acid-stable hemagglutinin protein

TitleMolecular requirements for a pandemic influenza virus: An acid-stable hemagglutinin protein
Authors
KeywordsFusion Glycoprotein
Influenza Virus
Membrane Fusion
Pandemic
Transmission
Issue Date2016
Citation
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016, v. 113, n. 6, p. 1636-1641 How to Cite?
AbstractInfluenza pandemics require that a virus containing a hemagglutinin (HA) surface antigen previously unseen by a majority of the population becomes airborne-transmissible between humans. Although the HA protein is central to the emergence of a pandemic influenza virus, its required molecular properties for sustained transmission between humans are poorly defined. During virus entry, the HA protein binds receptors and is triggered by low pH in the endosome to cause membrane fusion; during egress, HA contributes to virus assembly and morphology. In 2009, a swine influenza virus (pH1N1) jumped to humans and spread globally. Here we link the pandemic potential of pH1N1 to its HA acid stability, or the pH at which this one-time-use nanomachine is either triggered to cause fusion or becomes inactivated in the absence of a target membrane. In surveillance isolates, our data show HA activation pH values decreased during the evolution of H1N1 from precursors in swine (pH 5.5-6.0), to early 2009 human cases (pH 5.5), and then to later human isolates (pH 5.2-5.4). A loss-of-function pH1N1 virus with a destabilizing HA1-Y17H mutation (pH 6.0) was less pathogenic in mice and ferrets, less transmissible by contact, and no longer airborne-transmissible. A ferret-adapted revertant (HA1-H17Y/HA2-R106K) regained airborne transmissibility by stabilizing HA to an activation pH of 5.3, similar to that of human-adapted isolates from late 2009-2014. Overall, these studies reveal that a stable HA (activation pH ≤ 5.5) is necessary for pH1N1 influenza virus pathogenicity and airborne transmissibility in ferrets and is associated with pandemic potential in humans.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/312008
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 9.4
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 3.737
ISI Accession Number ID

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorRussier, Marion-
dc.contributor.authorYang, Guohua-
dc.contributor.authorRehg, Jerold E.-
dc.contributor.authorWong, Sook San-
dc.contributor.authorMostafa, Heba H.-
dc.contributor.authorFabrizio, Thomas P.-
dc.contributor.authorBarman, Subrata-
dc.contributor.authorKrauss, Scott-
dc.contributor.authorWebster, Robert G.-
dc.contributor.authorWebby, Richard J.-
dc.contributor.authorRussell, Charles J.-
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-06T04:31:58Z-
dc.date.available2022-04-06T04:31:58Z-
dc.date.issued2016-
dc.identifier.citationProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016, v. 113, n. 6, p. 1636-1641-
dc.identifier.issn0027-8424-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/312008-
dc.description.abstractInfluenza pandemics require that a virus containing a hemagglutinin (HA) surface antigen previously unseen by a majority of the population becomes airborne-transmissible between humans. Although the HA protein is central to the emergence of a pandemic influenza virus, its required molecular properties for sustained transmission between humans are poorly defined. During virus entry, the HA protein binds receptors and is triggered by low pH in the endosome to cause membrane fusion; during egress, HA contributes to virus assembly and morphology. In 2009, a swine influenza virus (pH1N1) jumped to humans and spread globally. Here we link the pandemic potential of pH1N1 to its HA acid stability, or the pH at which this one-time-use nanomachine is either triggered to cause fusion or becomes inactivated in the absence of a target membrane. In surveillance isolates, our data show HA activation pH values decreased during the evolution of H1N1 from precursors in swine (pH 5.5-6.0), to early 2009 human cases (pH 5.5), and then to later human isolates (pH 5.2-5.4). A loss-of-function pH1N1 virus with a destabilizing HA1-Y17H mutation (pH 6.0) was less pathogenic in mice and ferrets, less transmissible by contact, and no longer airborne-transmissible. A ferret-adapted revertant (HA1-H17Y/HA2-R106K) regained airborne transmissibility by stabilizing HA to an activation pH of 5.3, similar to that of human-adapted isolates from late 2009-2014. Overall, these studies reveal that a stable HA (activation pH ≤ 5.5) is necessary for pH1N1 influenza virus pathogenicity and airborne transmissibility in ferrets and is associated with pandemic potential in humans.-
dc.languageeng-
dc.relation.ispartofProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America-
dc.subjectFusion Glycoprotein-
dc.subjectInfluenza Virus-
dc.subjectMembrane Fusion-
dc.subjectPandemic-
dc.subjectTransmission-
dc.titleMolecular requirements for a pandemic influenza virus: An acid-stable hemagglutinin protein-
dc.typeArticle-
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltext-
dc.identifier.doi10.1073/pnas.1524384113-
dc.identifier.pmid26811446-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-84957927769-
dc.identifier.volume113-
dc.identifier.issue6-
dc.identifier.spage1636-
dc.identifier.epage1641-
dc.identifier.eissn1091-6490-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000369571700054-

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