The effects of SUDOKU Mind Activation and Revitalizing Training (SMART) Program on cognitive function among people with mild cognitive impairment

Abstract

The effects of SUDOKU Mind Activation and Revitalizing Training (SMART) Program on cognitive function among people with mild cognitive impairment Prof Doris SF Yu1, Dr Polly WC Li1, Prof Mary MY Waye2, Prof Wung Wai Tso3 1The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. 2The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. 3Hong KongSociety for SUDOKU Advancement, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Topic Dementia risk reduction: Risk reduction and prevention (including clinical trials) Abstract Aim: The high conversion rate to dementia among persons with mild cognitive impairment (PwMCI) calls for effective and sustainable intervention to deter their cognitive decline. With the advanced knowledge in cognitive benefits of word puzzle, a novel cognitive training program based on unique solving algorithm of SUDUKU puzzle was developed for PwMCI, with the sake to enhance attention and logical reasoning. The paper reports the interim analysis on its effect on objective and subjective cognitive function. Method: This waitlist randomized controlled trial recruited 83 PwMCI from Sept 2020 to Oct 2021. They were randomized to receive a 12 weekly face-to-face training session and 12-week facilitated self-practice on this unique SUDOKU-resolving method (N=41) or the waitlist intervention (N=42). A battery of neuropsychological tests and Memory Inventory were used to measure objective and subjective cognitive function at baseline and post-test respectively. Results: Following the intention-to-treat principle, the linear mixed model analysis indicated the SUDOKU group has significantly greater improvements in global cognition measured by Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale - Cognitive subscale (p <0.001), total learning ability on the Hong Kong List Learning Test (p = 0.023) and subjective memory (p<0.001) than the waitlist control. However, there was no significant difference in the executive function as measured by the Color Trail Test (CTT). Conclusion: The interim analysis demonstrated the cognitive benefits of a specially designed SUDOKU among PwMCI. The high engagement rate (93%) in the facilitated self-practice implies its high potential to be a sustainable lifestyle strategy to prevent dementia.