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Article: Non-Neutralizing Epitopes Shade Neutralizing Epitopes against Omicron in a Multiple Epitope-Based Vaccine

TitleNon-Neutralizing Epitopes Shade Neutralizing Epitopes against Omicron in a Multiple Epitope-Based Vaccine
Authors
Keywordsantibody
immunodominant site
linear epitopes
neutralization
SARS-CoV-2
variants
Issue Date10-Nov-2022
PublisherAmerican Chemical Society
Citation
ACS Infectious Diseases, 2022, v. 8, n. 12, p. 2586-2593 How to Cite?
Abstract

The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has raised concerns about the risk of re-infection. Non-neutralizing epitopes are one of the major reasons for antibody-dependent enhancement. Past studies on the ancestral severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have revealed an infectivity-enhancing site on the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. However, infection enhancement associated with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain remains elusive. In this study, we examined the antibodies induced by a multiple epitope-based vaccine, which showed infection enhancement for the Omicron strain but not for the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 or Delta strain. By examining the antibodies induced by single epitope-based vaccines, we identified a conserved epitope, IDf (450–469), with neutralizing activity against ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Delta, and Omicron. Although neutralizing epitopes are present in the multiple epitope-based vaccine, other immunodominant non-neutralizing epitopes such as IDg (480–499) can shade their neutralizing activity, leading to infection enhancement of Omicron. Our study provides up-to-date epitope information on SARS-CoV-2 variants to help design better vaccines or antibody-based therapeutics against future variants.


Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/329036
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 4.0
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 1.179
ISI Accession Number ID

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorGong, HR-
dc.contributor.authorHu, YF-
dc.contributor.authorLi, XC-
dc.contributor.authorYau, TCC-
dc.contributor.authorZhang, BZ-
dc.contributor.authorHuang, JD-
dc.date.accessioned2023-08-05T07:54:48Z-
dc.date.available2023-08-05T07:54:48Z-
dc.date.issued2022-11-10-
dc.identifier.citationACS Infectious Diseases, 2022, v. 8, n. 12, p. 2586-2593-
dc.identifier.issn2373-8227-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/329036-
dc.description.abstract<p>The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has raised concerns about the risk of re-infection. Non-neutralizing epitopes are one of the major reasons for antibody-dependent enhancement. Past studies on the ancestral severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have revealed an infectivity-enhancing site on the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. However, infection enhancement associated with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain remains elusive. In this study, we examined the antibodies induced by a multiple epitope-based vaccine, which showed infection enhancement for the Omicron strain but not for the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 or Delta strain. By examining the antibodies induced by single epitope-based vaccines, we identified a conserved epitope, IDf (450–469), with neutralizing activity against ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Delta, and Omicron. Although neutralizing epitopes are present in the multiple epitope-based vaccine, other immunodominant non-neutralizing epitopes such as IDg (480–499) can shade their neutralizing activity, leading to infection enhancement of Omicron. Our study provides up-to-date epitope information on SARS-CoV-2 variants to help design better vaccines or antibody-based therapeutics against future variants.<br></p>-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisherAmerican Chemical Society-
dc.relation.ispartofACS Infectious Diseases-
dc.rightsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.-
dc.subjectantibody-
dc.subjectimmunodominant site-
dc.subjectlinear epitopes-
dc.subjectneutralization-
dc.subjectSARS-CoV-2-
dc.subjectvariants-
dc.titleNon-Neutralizing Epitopes Shade Neutralizing Epitopes against Omicron in a Multiple Epitope-Based Vaccine-
dc.typeArticle-
dc.identifier.doi10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00488-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-85141984270-
dc.identifier.volume8-
dc.identifier.issue12-
dc.identifier.spage2586-
dc.identifier.epage2593-
dc.identifier.eissn2373-8227-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000885386000001-
dc.identifier.issnl2373-8227-

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