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Article: Racial and ethnic disparities in psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States: The role of experienced and perceived racial bias

TitleRacial and ethnic disparities in psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States: The role of experienced and perceived racial bias
Authors
KeywordsCOVID-19
Experienced discrimination
Perceived racial Bias
Psychological distress
Racial-ethnic disparities
Issue Date25-May-2023
PublisherBioMed Central
Citation
BMC Public Health, 2023, v. 23, n. 1 How to Cite?
Abstract

Background

Research on mental health disparities by race-ethnicity in the United States (US) during COVID-19 is limited and has generated mixed results. Few studies have included Asian Americans as a whole or by subgroups in the analysis.

Methods

Data came from the 2020 Health, Ethnicity, and Pandemic Study, based on a nationally representative sample of 2,709 community-dwelling adults in the US with minorities oversampled. The outcome was psychological distress. The exposure variable was race-ethnicity, including four major racial-ethnic groups and several Asian ethnic subgroups in the US. The mediators included experienced discrimination and perceived racial bias toward one’s racial-ethnic group. Weighted linear regressions and mediation analyses were performed.

Results

Among the four major racial-ethnic groups, Hispanics (22%) had the highest prevalence of severe distress, followed by Asians (18%) and Blacks (16%), with Whites (14%) having the lowest prevalence. Hispanics’ poorer mental health was largely due to their socioeconomic disadvantages. Within Asians, Southeast Asians (29%), Koreans (27%), and South Asians (22%) exhibited the highest prevalence of severe distress. Their worse mental health was mainly mediated by experienced discrimination and perceived racial bias.

Conclusions

Purposefully tackling racial prejudice and discrimination is necessary to alleviate the disproportionate psychological distress burden in racial-ethnic minority groups.


Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/331602
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 3.5
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 1.253
ISI Accession Number ID

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorWen, Ming-
dc.contributor.authorShi, Lu-
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Donglan-
dc.contributor.authorLi, Yan-
dc.contributor.authorChen, Zhuo-
dc.contributor.authorChen, Baojiang-
dc.contributor.authorChen, Liwei-
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Lu-
dc.contributor.authorLi, Hongmei-
dc.contributor.authorLi, Jian-
dc.contributor.authorHan, Xuesong-
dc.contributor.authorSu, Dejun-
dc.date.accessioned2023-09-21T06:57:18Z-
dc.date.available2023-09-21T06:57:18Z-
dc.date.issued2023-05-25-
dc.identifier.citationBMC Public Health, 2023, v. 23, n. 1-
dc.identifier.issn1471-2458-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/331602-
dc.description.abstract<h3>Background</h3><p>Research on mental health disparities by race-ethnicity in the United States (US) during COVID-19 is limited and has generated mixed results. Few studies have included Asian Americans as a whole or by subgroups in the analysis.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data came from the 2020 Health, Ethnicity, and Pandemic Study, based on a nationally representative sample of 2,709 community-dwelling adults in the US with minorities oversampled. The outcome was psychological distress. The exposure variable was race-ethnicity, including four major racial-ethnic groups and several Asian ethnic subgroups in the US. The mediators included experienced discrimination and perceived racial bias toward one’s racial-ethnic group. Weighted linear regressions and mediation analyses were performed.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Among the four major racial-ethnic groups, Hispanics (22%) had the highest prevalence of severe distress, followed by Asians (18%) and Blacks (16%), with Whites (14%) having the lowest prevalence. Hispanics’ poorer mental health was largely due to their socioeconomic disadvantages. Within Asians, Southeast Asians (29%), Koreans (27%), and South Asians (22%) exhibited the highest prevalence of severe distress. Their worse mental health was mainly mediated by experienced discrimination and perceived racial bias.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Purposefully tackling racial prejudice and discrimination is necessary to alleviate the disproportionate psychological distress burden in racial-ethnic minority groups.</p>-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisherBioMed Central-
dc.relation.ispartofBMC Public Health-
dc.rightsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.-
dc.subjectCOVID-19-
dc.subjectExperienced discrimination-
dc.subjectPerceived racial Bias-
dc.subjectPsychological distress-
dc.subjectRacial-ethnic disparities-
dc.titleRacial and ethnic disparities in psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States: The role of experienced and perceived racial bias-
dc.typeArticle-
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s12889-023-15912-4-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-85160234582-
dc.identifier.volume23-
dc.identifier.issue1-
dc.identifier.eissn1471-2458-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000994906100003-
dc.identifier.issnl1471-2458-

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