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Article: High Coulombic efficiency aluminum-ion battery using an AlCl3-urea ionic liquid analog electrolyte

TitleHigh Coulombic efficiency aluminum-ion battery using an AlCl<inf>3</inf>-urea ionic liquid analog electrolyte
Authors
KeywordsAluminum-ion battery
Energy storage
Ionic liquid
Ionicity
Urea electrolyte
Issue Date2017
Citation
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2017, v. 114, n. 5, p. 834-839 How to Cite?
AbstractIn recent years, impressive advances in harvesting renewable energy have led to a pressing demand for the complimentary energy storage technology. Here, a high Coulombic efficiency (∼99.7%) Al battery is developed using earth-abundant aluminum as the anode, graphite as the cathode, and a cheap ionic liquid analog electrolyte made from a mixture of AlCl3 and urea in a 1.3:1 molar ratio. The battery displays discharge voltage plateaus around 1.9 and 1.5 V (average discharge = 1.73 V) and yielded a specific cathode capacity of ∼73 mAh g-1 at a current density of 100 mA g-1 (∼1.4 C). High Coulombic efficiency over a range of charge-discharge rates and stability over ∼150-200 cycles was easily demonstrated. In situ Raman spectroscopy clearly showed chloroaluminate anion intercalation/deintercalation of graphite (positive electrode) during charge-discharge and suggested the formation of a stage 2 graphite intercalation compound when fully charged. Raman spectroscopy and NMR suggested the existence of AlCl4-, Al2Cl7- anions and [AlCl2·(urea)n]+ cations in the AlCl3/urea electrolyte when an excess of AlCl3 was present. Aluminum deposition therefore proceeded through two pathways, one involving Al2Cl7- anions and the other involving [AlCl2·(urea)n]+ cations. This battery is a promising prospect for a future high-performance, low-cost energy storage device.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/334461
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 9.4
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 3.737
ISI Accession Number ID

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorAngell, Michael-
dc.contributor.authorPan, Chun Jern-
dc.contributor.authorRong, Youmin-
dc.contributor.authorYuan, Chunze-
dc.contributor.authorLin, Meng Chang-
dc.contributor.authorHwang, Bing Joe-
dc.contributor.authorDai, Hongjie-
dc.date.accessioned2023-10-20T06:48:18Z-
dc.date.available2023-10-20T06:48:18Z-
dc.date.issued2017-
dc.identifier.citationProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2017, v. 114, n. 5, p. 834-839-
dc.identifier.issn0027-8424-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/334461-
dc.description.abstractIn recent years, impressive advances in harvesting renewable energy have led to a pressing demand for the complimentary energy storage technology. Here, a high Coulombic efficiency (∼99.7%) Al battery is developed using earth-abundant aluminum as the anode, graphite as the cathode, and a cheap ionic liquid analog electrolyte made from a mixture of AlCl3 and urea in a 1.3:1 molar ratio. The battery displays discharge voltage plateaus around 1.9 and 1.5 V (average discharge = 1.73 V) and yielded a specific cathode capacity of ∼73 mAh g-1 at a current density of 100 mA g-1 (∼1.4 C). High Coulombic efficiency over a range of charge-discharge rates and stability over ∼150-200 cycles was easily demonstrated. In situ Raman spectroscopy clearly showed chloroaluminate anion intercalation/deintercalation of graphite (positive electrode) during charge-discharge and suggested the formation of a stage 2 graphite intercalation compound when fully charged. Raman spectroscopy and NMR suggested the existence of AlCl4-, Al2Cl7- anions and [AlCl2·(urea)n]+ cations in the AlCl3/urea electrolyte when an excess of AlCl3 was present. Aluminum deposition therefore proceeded through two pathways, one involving Al2Cl7- anions and the other involving [AlCl2·(urea)n]+ cations. This battery is a promising prospect for a future high-performance, low-cost energy storage device.-
dc.languageeng-
dc.relation.ispartofProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America-
dc.subjectAluminum-ion battery-
dc.subjectEnergy storage-
dc.subjectIonic liquid-
dc.subjectIonicity-
dc.subjectUrea electrolyte-
dc.titleHigh Coulombic efficiency aluminum-ion battery using an AlCl<inf>3</inf>-urea ionic liquid analog electrolyte-
dc.typeArticle-
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltext-
dc.identifier.doi10.1073/pnas.1619795114-
dc.identifier.pmid28096353-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-85010930872-
dc.identifier.volume114-
dc.identifier.issue5-
dc.identifier.spage834-
dc.identifier.epage839-
dc.identifier.eissn1091-6490-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000393196300041-

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