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- Publisher Website: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100438
- Scopus: eid_2-s2.0-85068251130
- WOS: WOS:000498896300018
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Article: How do age and major risk factors for mortality interact over the life-course? Implications for health disparities research and public health policy
Title | How do age and major risk factors for mortality interact over the life-course? Implications for health disparities research and public health policy |
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Authors | |
Keywords | Health inequalities Life-course Mortality Obesity Smoking Socioeconomic status Statistical interaction |
Issue Date | 2019 |
Citation | SSM - Population Health, 2019, v. 8, article no. 100438 How to Cite? |
Abstract | A critical question in life-course research is whether the relationship between a risk factor and mortality strengthens, weakens, or remains constant with age. The objective of this paper is to shed light on the importance of measurement scale in examining this question. Many studies address this question solely on the multiplicative (relative) scale and report that the hazard ratio of dying associated with a risk factor declines with age. A wide set of risk factors have been shown to conform to this pattern including those that are socioeconomic, behavioral, and physiological in nature. Drawing from well-known principles on interpreting statistical interactions, we show that evaluations on the additive (absolute) scale often lead to a different set of conclusions about how the association between a risk factor and mortality changes with age than interpretations on the multiplicative scale. We show that on the additive scale the excess death risks posed by key socio-demographic and behavioral risk factors increase with age. Studies have not generally recognized the additive interpretation, but it has relevancy for testing life-course theories and informing public health interventions. We discuss these implications and provide general guidance on choosing a scale. Data from the U.S. National Health Interview Survey are used to provide empirical support. |
Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/334599 |
ISI Accession Number ID |
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Mehta, Neil K. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Zheng, Hui | - |
dc.contributor.author | Myrskylä, M. | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2023-10-20T06:49:17Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2023-10-20T06:49:17Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2019 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | SSM - Population Health, 2019, v. 8, article no. 100438 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/334599 | - |
dc.description.abstract | A critical question in life-course research is whether the relationship between a risk factor and mortality strengthens, weakens, or remains constant with age. The objective of this paper is to shed light on the importance of measurement scale in examining this question. Many studies address this question solely on the multiplicative (relative) scale and report that the hazard ratio of dying associated with a risk factor declines with age. A wide set of risk factors have been shown to conform to this pattern including those that are socioeconomic, behavioral, and physiological in nature. Drawing from well-known principles on interpreting statistical interactions, we show that evaluations on the additive (absolute) scale often lead to a different set of conclusions about how the association between a risk factor and mortality changes with age than interpretations on the multiplicative scale. We show that on the additive scale the excess death risks posed by key socio-demographic and behavioral risk factors increase with age. Studies have not generally recognized the additive interpretation, but it has relevancy for testing life-course theories and informing public health interventions. We discuss these implications and provide general guidance on choosing a scale. Data from the U.S. National Health Interview Survey are used to provide empirical support. | - |
dc.language | eng | - |
dc.relation.ispartof | SSM - Population Health | - |
dc.subject | Health inequalities | - |
dc.subject | Life-course | - |
dc.subject | Mortality | - |
dc.subject | Obesity | - |
dc.subject | Smoking | - |
dc.subject | Socioeconomic status | - |
dc.subject | Statistical interaction | - |
dc.title | How do age and major risk factors for mortality interact over the life-course? Implications for health disparities research and public health policy | - |
dc.type | Article | - |
dc.description.nature | link_to_subscribed_fulltext | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100438 | - |
dc.identifier.scopus | eid_2-s2.0-85068251130 | - |
dc.identifier.volume | 8 | - |
dc.identifier.spage | article no. 100438 | - |
dc.identifier.epage | article no. 100438 | - |
dc.identifier.eissn | 2352-8273 | - |
dc.identifier.isi | WOS:000498896300018 | - |