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- Publisher Website: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2019.05.002
- Scopus: eid_2-s2.0-85065658315
- WOS: WOS:000471206500012
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Article: Commuting for women in Saudi Arabia: Metro to driving - Options to support women employment
Title | Commuting for women in Saudi Arabia: Metro to driving - Options to support women employment |
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Authors | |
Keywords | Accessibility Commute cost Employment Female Riyadh Saudi Arabia Women |
Issue Date | 2019 |
Citation | Journal of Transport Geography, 2019, v. 77, p. 126-138 How to Cite? |
Abstract | Saudi Arabian women traditionally have been dependent on male relatives, hired drivers, or private transportation to get to work as they were not permitted to drive until June 2018. Some believe this has created a barrier for those women who wanted to enter the workforce. This research was conducted to determine whether accessibility (cost and time) for different types of transport has a relationship with women's opportunity to work. The unemployment rate for Saudi women in 2016 was nearly six times that of Saudi men. Qualitative evidence suggests the high cost of private transportation is a limiting factor for women working in Riyadh (Bashraheel, 2009; Jiffry, 2012). However, studies have yet to quantify the relationship between the location of employment, the job participation rate, and commute costs. By using a commuter accessibility model based on the financial cost of commuting for four female employment sectors—manufacturing, retail, healthcare, and education—this research sets out to test the relationship between commute costs and employment for Riyadh women. The study, which provides the first comparative commute cost maps for Riyadh, looks at commute costs for driving alone, private drivers, street-hailed and app-based taxi services, and the new Metro system. The results show that when commute costs increase, employment among women decreases. This means that reducing commute costs, perhaps by allowing women to drive themselves to work, increases the opportunity for women to work. The research also showed that manufacturing is the least accessible sector for women and would benefit from new forms of transit such as car-pooling. |
Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/336216 |
ISSN | 2023 Impact Factor: 5.7 2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 1.791 |
ISI Accession Number ID |
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Williams, Sarah | - |
dc.contributor.author | Qiu, Waishan | - |
dc.contributor.author | Al-awwad, Zeyad | - |
dc.contributor.author | Alfayez, Aljoharah | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2024-01-15T08:24:33Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2024-01-15T08:24:33Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2019 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | Journal of Transport Geography, 2019, v. 77, p. 126-138 | - |
dc.identifier.issn | 0966-6923 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/336216 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Saudi Arabian women traditionally have been dependent on male relatives, hired drivers, or private transportation to get to work as they were not permitted to drive until June 2018. Some believe this has created a barrier for those women who wanted to enter the workforce. This research was conducted to determine whether accessibility (cost and time) for different types of transport has a relationship with women's opportunity to work. The unemployment rate for Saudi women in 2016 was nearly six times that of Saudi men. Qualitative evidence suggests the high cost of private transportation is a limiting factor for women working in Riyadh (Bashraheel, 2009; Jiffry, 2012). However, studies have yet to quantify the relationship between the location of employment, the job participation rate, and commute costs. By using a commuter accessibility model based on the financial cost of commuting for four female employment sectors—manufacturing, retail, healthcare, and education—this research sets out to test the relationship between commute costs and employment for Riyadh women. The study, which provides the first comparative commute cost maps for Riyadh, looks at commute costs for driving alone, private drivers, street-hailed and app-based taxi services, and the new Metro system. The results show that when commute costs increase, employment among women decreases. This means that reducing commute costs, perhaps by allowing women to drive themselves to work, increases the opportunity for women to work. The research also showed that manufacturing is the least accessible sector for women and would benefit from new forms of transit such as car-pooling. | - |
dc.language | eng | - |
dc.relation.ispartof | Journal of Transport Geography | - |
dc.subject | Accessibility | - |
dc.subject | Commute cost | - |
dc.subject | Employment | - |
dc.subject | Female | - |
dc.subject | Riyadh | - |
dc.subject | Saudi Arabia | - |
dc.subject | Women | - |
dc.title | Commuting for women in Saudi Arabia: Metro to driving - Options to support women employment | - |
dc.type | Article | - |
dc.description.nature | link_to_subscribed_fulltext | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2019.05.002 | - |
dc.identifier.scopus | eid_2-s2.0-85065658315 | - |
dc.identifier.volume | 77 | - |
dc.identifier.spage | 126 | - |
dc.identifier.epage | 138 | - |
dc.identifier.isi | WOS:000471206500012 | - |