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Article: Humoral and cellular immunity against different SARS-CoV-2 variants in patients with chronic kidney disease

TitleHumoral and cellular immunity against different SARS-CoV-2 variants in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors
Issue Date1-Dec-2023
PublisherNature Research
Citation
Scientific Reports, 2023, v. 13, n. 1 How to Cite?
Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are at higher risk of severe COVID-19. Humoral and cellular immunity from prior infection or vaccination are important for protection, but the neutralizing antibody (nAb) response against SARS-CoV-2 variants is impaired. We investigated the variant-specific nAb and T cell immunity among CKD patients. Adult CKD patients were recruited between August and October 2022. nAb against the SARS-CoV-2 (ancestral strains and four Omicron sublineages) and T cell response were measured using the live virus neutralization assay and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA). The correlation between nAb/T-cell response and subsequent infection after recruitment were also determined. Among the 88 recruited patients, 95.5% had prior infection or had completed the primary vaccine series. However, only 77.3% had detectable nAb against at least one SARS-CoV-2 strains, 59.1% tested positive in IGRA, and 52.3% had detectable nAb and tested positive in the IGRA. The nAb geometic mean titers (GMTs) against XBB.1, BA.5 and BA.2.3.20 were significantly lower than those against BA.2 and ancestral strain. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with elevated nAb and T cell response. More kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) showed absent nAb and T cell response (36.8% vs. 10.1%), despite a higher prevalence of vaccine booster in this population (94.7% vs. 50.7%). Lower levels of nAb titer and T cell response were significantly associated with subsequent infection. A considerable proportion of CKD patients, especially KTRs, showed absence of humoral and cellular protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Strategies to improve immunogenicity in this population are urgently needed.


Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/339981
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 3.8
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.900

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorYap, Desmond Yat-Hin-
dc.contributor.authorFong, Carol Ho-Yan-
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Xiaojuan-
dc.contributor.authorIp, Jonathan Daniel-
dc.contributor.authorChan, Wan-Mui-
dc.contributor.authorChu, Allen Wing-Ho-
dc.contributor.authorChen, Lin-Lei-
dc.contributor.authorZhao, Yan-
dc.contributor.authorChan, Brian Pui-Chun-
dc.contributor.authorLuk, Kristine Shik-
dc.contributor.authorCheng, Vincent Chi-Chung-
dc.contributor.authorChan, Tak-Mao-
dc.contributor.authorTo, Kelvin Kai-Wang-
dc.date.accessioned2024-03-11T10:40:46Z-
dc.date.available2024-03-11T10:40:46Z-
dc.date.issued2023-12-01-
dc.identifier.citationScientific Reports, 2023, v. 13, n. 1-
dc.identifier.issn2045-2322-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/339981-
dc.description.abstract<p> <span>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are at higher risk of severe COVID-19. Humoral and cellular immunity from prior infection or vaccination are important for protection, but the neutralizing antibody (nAb) response against SARS-CoV-2 variants is impaired. We investigated the variant-specific nAb and T cell immunity among CKD patients. Adult CKD patients were recruited between August and October 2022. nAb against the SARS-CoV-2 (ancestral strains and four Omicron sublineages) and T cell response were measured using the live virus neutralization assay and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA). The correlation between nAb/T-cell response and subsequent infection after recruitment were also determined. Among the 88 recruited patients, 95.5% had prior infection or had completed the primary vaccine series. However, only 77.3% had detectable nAb against at least one SARS-CoV-2 strains, 59.1% tested positive in IGRA, and 52.3% had detectable nAb and tested positive in the IGRA. The nAb geometic mean titers (GMTs) against XBB.1, BA.5 and BA.2.3.20 were significantly lower than those against BA.2 and ancestral strain. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with elevated nAb and T cell response. More kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) showed absent nAb and T cell response (36.8% vs. 10.1%), despite a higher prevalence of vaccine booster in this population (94.7% vs. 50.7%). Lower levels of nAb titer and T cell response were significantly associated with subsequent infection. A considerable proportion of CKD patients, especially KTRs, showed absence of humoral and cellular protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Strategies to improve immunogenicity in this population are urgently needed.</span> <br></p>-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisherNature Research-
dc.relation.ispartofScientific Reports-
dc.rightsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.-
dc.titleHumoral and cellular immunity against different SARS-CoV-2 variants in patients with chronic kidney disease-
dc.typeArticle-
dc.description.naturepublished_or_final_version-
dc.identifier.doi10.1038/s41598-023-47130-8-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-85176576528-
dc.identifier.volume13-
dc.identifier.issue1-
dc.identifier.eissn2045-2322-
dc.identifier.issnl2045-2322-

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