Congenital Hemolytic Anemia Because of Glucose Phosphate Isomerase Deficiency: Identification of 2 Novel Missense Mutations in the GPI Gene

Abstract

<p>Glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI) deficiency is the second most common red blood cell enzymopathy involving the glycolysis pathway. It is an autosomal recessive disorder. Chronic hemolytic anemia is a common manifestation. The most severe one can present as hydrops fetalis. It can also be associated with neurologic dysfunction. We report a girl with severe hemolytic anemia at birth because of GPI deficiency. Enzyme activity assays were inconclusive because of previous blood transfusions. She was found to be compound heterozygous for 2 novel missense mutations, c.490C>A p.(Pro164Thr) and c.817C>T p.(Arg273Cys), in the <em>GPI</em> gene. Other than the chronic hemolytic anemia, she also has mild fine motor, gross motor delay, and developed cerebella ataxia since 5 years old.</p>