Exploring the causal link between serum amino acids and Parkinson’s disease: a Mendelian randomization approach

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the causal relationships between multiple blood amino acids (BAAs) and the Parkinson’s disease (PD). We downloaded genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for BAAs and PD from the OpenGWAS database, screened single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the data, and evaluated the causal relationship between BAA levels and PD using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. The sensitivity analysis was also conducted. After SNP screening, three amino acid indicators were identified: met-a-308 (phenylalanine), met-a-584 (X-12100 hydroxytryptophan), and met-a-337 (5-hydroxyproline), which showed significant causal relationship with the occurrence of PD. There was no significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy, and the results were stable. The multivariate MR analysis showed that the mediating effects generated by the introduction of multiple variables were not significant. In conclusion, phenylalanine, X-12,100 hydroxytryptophan, and 5-hydroxyproline have a causal relationship with the occurrence of PD and may be potential early screening biomarkers and blocking targets.