Hybridizing Real and Virtual Experiences: Inquiry-Based Learning Activities to Explore Surface Chemistry

Abstract

<p>Surface chemistry is a challenging realm for most students because of its abstract nature and numerous associated mathematical equations. Herein we report a set of dedicated sequential inquiry-based learning (IBL) activities enriched with virtual laboratory learning and hands-on instructions. The activities were intended to help students grasp abstract concepts and understand the mathematical equations related to surface chemistry. The activities included two methods for measuring surface tension: the capillary rise method and the drop weight method. In addition, students were guided to observe the adsorption phenomenon and critical micelle concentration (CMC). The activities were implemented in a second-year pharmaceutical chemistry course for pharmacy undergraduate students. Feedback from the students indicated that the activities could nurture their interest in the topics. Moreover, we have proven that hybridizing virtual learning and hands-on learning in IBL is viable and could offer positive effects on students’ learning. We advocate the use of virtual laboratories to support IBL activities in the postpandemic era.<br></p>