AR-Assisted Assembly in Self-Build Construction with Discrete Components

Abstract

<p>Self-build construction empowers users to participate directly in the creation of their living environments, yet the process is often constrained by the lack of technical knowledge and skilled labor. This paper explores how Augmented Reality (AR) can support self-build assembly of discrete, prefabricated components through intuitive guidance and real-time feedback. A modular pavilion prototype was developed using a set of interlocking timber blocks fabricated off-site. An AR system was implemented to visualize assembly sequences, verify component placement, and provide step-by-step instructions to non-expert builders. The prototype was evaluated through a series of assembly experiments, comparing AR-assisted and non-assisted workflows. Results demonstrate that AR guidance significantly improves accuracy and reduces assembly time, highlighting its potential to enable participatory, low-cost construction methods for future housing and community infrastructure.<br></p>