Literature, statecraft and regional identity : the self-realization of Changzhou literati Lu Jilu = 文學、經世與地域認同：常州文人陸繼輅的自我實現

Abstract

During the Jiaqing (1796-1820) and Daoguang (1821-1850) eras, Changzhou in the Qing Dynasty saw a proliferation of literati, resulting in intense competition in the imperial examinations. Consequently, many literati sought alternative paths to affirm their self-worth and identity apart from pursuing official careers through the examinations. However, there remains a dearth of research on how local elite literati in Changzhou actualized their value beyond official roles. This study delves into the proactive efforts of Yanghu literati Lu Jilu (1772-1834) in realizing his own worth through various endeavors, offering a compelling case study. By analyzing Lu's poetry and writings, this article examines how Lu Jilu cultivated his personal and social identities through the lenses of literature, regional affiliation, and statecraft ideals. The exploration of Lu Jilu's experiences aims to bridge the gap in scholarly investigations on the literary and intellectual pursuits of local literati in Changzhou. This study employs a research method that involves closely analyzing texts and delving into the history of literary thought, local history, social conflicts, and more to investigate how Lu Jilu, a typical elite literati from Changzhou, established his sense of self-worth across these dimensions. The study reveals that Lu Jilu viewed literature as a means of expressing his innermost self and stressed the importance of aligning literary creations with his original intentions to uphold the essence of being a "literatus." Additionally, he placed value on the educational responsibilities of literati in society and realized his vision of governing society as a "scholar" by challenging local governance structures and societal norms. Furthermore, through an examination of Lu Jilu's interactions with other Yanghu literati and his evolving perspective on ancient prose composition, the study demonstrates the significant impact of regional identity on him. This sense of regional belonging served as a driving force for him, as a Yanghu literatus, to preserve and promote the ancient literary tradition of Yanghu. Finally, by exploring Lu Jilu's writings on swords and chivalrous figures, the study delves into his aspirations for recognition and the fulfillment of his scholarly ambitions during local conflicts in Henan and other regions, offering fellow literati new pathways to realize their self-identities.