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Article: Phenotyping psychosis: Room for neurocomputational and content-dependent cognitive endophenotypes?

TitlePhenotyping psychosis: Room for neurocomputational and content-dependent cognitive endophenotypes?
Authors
KeywordsCognitive structure
Content-dependent process
Endophenotype
Genotype
Psychosis
Issue Date2009
PublisherPsychology Press. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/13546805.asp
Citation
Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, 2009, v. 14 n. 4-5, p. 451-472 How to Cite?
AbstractIntroduction. The endophenotype research strategy aims at reducing complex clinical phenomena to reveal a more tractable mapping to underlying genes. Cognitive dysfunctions have been widely pursued as target endophenotype in schizophrenia. We critically discuss the promise and limitations of this approach. Methods. Relevant theoretical and empirical issues on genes and behaviour, neurocognitive structure and psychopathology were selectively reviewed and discussed. Results. Some important inherent limitations of the current cognitive endophenotype approach were identified. These include reliance on (1) classic neuropsychology; (2) deficit measures; and (3) a general information processing approach with the use of content-independent, neutral stimuli. As a result, many current cognitive endophenotypes are likely to overlap and converge with general cognitive impairments, which may be shared with other disorders. Conclusions. We propose three novel directions for further psychosis endophenotype research: (1) in addition to such content-independent computational processes, which operate in a similar way regardless of the stimuli, it is important to consider the potential roles of content-dependent endophenotypes, which operate on different stimuli in consistently different manners. Advances in cognitive studies suggest there may be evolutionarily important aspects of cognition which are content-dependent. We propose that both content-independent and content-dependent processes should be addressed in psychosis research. (2) In line with the emphasis on content, close attention should be paid to the study of psychopathological endophenotypes in addition to cognitive endophenotypes. (3) Neurocomputational endophenotypes may be defined by parsing cognitive processes into subsystems with specific computational processing algorithms and considering key computational parameters suggested from these models. These potential neurocomputational endophenotypes (such as neuronal noise, synaptic learning algorithms) are potentially intermediate variables located between the levels of cognition and neurobiology. © 2009 Psychology Press.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/59709
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 1.5
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.680
References

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorChen, EYHen_HK
dc.contributor.authorWong, GHYen_HK
dc.contributor.authorHui, CLMen_HK
dc.contributor.authorTang, JYMen_HK
dc.contributor.authorChiu, CPYen_HK
dc.contributor.authorLam, MMLen_HK
dc.contributor.authorSham, PCen_HK
dc.date.accessioned2010-05-31T03:55:51Z-
dc.date.available2010-05-31T03:55:51Z-
dc.date.issued2009en_HK
dc.identifier.citationCognitive Neuropsychiatry, 2009, v. 14 n. 4-5, p. 451-472en_HK
dc.identifier.issn1354-6805en_HK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/59709-
dc.description.abstractIntroduction. The endophenotype research strategy aims at reducing complex clinical phenomena to reveal a more tractable mapping to underlying genes. Cognitive dysfunctions have been widely pursued as target endophenotype in schizophrenia. We critically discuss the promise and limitations of this approach. Methods. Relevant theoretical and empirical issues on genes and behaviour, neurocognitive structure and psychopathology were selectively reviewed and discussed. Results. Some important inherent limitations of the current cognitive endophenotype approach were identified. These include reliance on (1) classic neuropsychology; (2) deficit measures; and (3) a general information processing approach with the use of content-independent, neutral stimuli. As a result, many current cognitive endophenotypes are likely to overlap and converge with general cognitive impairments, which may be shared with other disorders. Conclusions. We propose three novel directions for further psychosis endophenotype research: (1) in addition to such content-independent computational processes, which operate in a similar way regardless of the stimuli, it is important to consider the potential roles of content-dependent endophenotypes, which operate on different stimuli in consistently different manners. Advances in cognitive studies suggest there may be evolutionarily important aspects of cognition which are content-dependent. We propose that both content-independent and content-dependent processes should be addressed in psychosis research. (2) In line with the emphasis on content, close attention should be paid to the study of psychopathological endophenotypes in addition to cognitive endophenotypes. (3) Neurocomputational endophenotypes may be defined by parsing cognitive processes into subsystems with specific computational processing algorithms and considering key computational parameters suggested from these models. These potential neurocomputational endophenotypes (such as neuronal noise, synaptic learning algorithms) are potentially intermediate variables located between the levels of cognition and neurobiology. © 2009 Psychology Press.en_HK
dc.languageengen_HK
dc.publisherPsychology Press. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/13546805.aspen_HK
dc.relation.ispartofCognitive Neuropsychiatryen_HK
dc.rightsCognitive Neuropsychiatry. Copyright © Psychology Press.en_HK
dc.subjectCognitive structureen_HK
dc.subjectContent-dependent processen_HK
dc.subjectEndophenotypeen_HK
dc.subjectGenotypeen_HK
dc.subjectPsychosisen_HK
dc.subject.meshPsychosis-
dc.subject.meshEndophenotype-
dc.subject.meshGenotype-
dc.subject.meshCognitive structure-
dc.subject.meshContent-dependent process-
dc.titlePhenotyping psychosis: Room for neurocomputational and content-dependent cognitive endophenotypes?en_HK
dc.typeArticleen_HK
dc.identifier.openurlhttp://library.hku.hk:4550/resserv?sid=HKU:IR&issn=1354-6805&volume=14&issue=4-5&spage=451&epage=472&date=2009&atitle=Phenotyping+psychosis:+room+for+neurocomputational+and+content-dependent+cognitive+endophenotypes?en_HK
dc.identifier.emailChen, EYH: eyhchen@hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.emailChiu, CPY: chiupyc@hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.emailLam, MML: maylam11@hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.emailSham, PC: pcsham@hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.authorityChen, EYH=rp00392en_HK
dc.identifier.authorityChiu, CPY=rp00291en_HK
dc.identifier.authorityLam, MML=rp00296en_HK
dc.identifier.authoritySham, PC=rp00459en_HK
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltext-
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/13546800902965695en_HK
dc.identifier.pmid19634039-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-70349780045en_HK
dc.identifier.hkuros162126en_HK
dc.relation.referenceshttp://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-70349780045&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpageen_HK
dc.identifier.volume14en_HK
dc.identifier.issue4-5en_HK
dc.identifier.spage451en_HK
dc.identifier.epage472en_HK
dc.publisher.placeUnited Kingdomen_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridChen, EYH=7402315729en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridWong, GHY=24465754400en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridHui, CLM=35734149500en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridTang, JYM=35086815700en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridChiu, CPY=8627115700en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLam, MML=13106178700en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridSham, PC=34573429300en_HK
dc.identifier.citeulike5630552-
dc.identifier.issnl1354-6805-

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