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Article: Pathology and clinical correlates in oral candidiasis and its variants: A review

TitlePathology and clinical correlates in oral candidiasis and its variants: A review
Authors
KeywordsCandidiasis, oral
Immunocompetence
Immunodeficiency
Pathology
Variants
Issue Date2000
PublisherWiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.wiley.com/bw/journal.asp?ref=1354-523X&site=1
Citation
Oral Diseases, 2000, v. 6 n. 2, p. 85-91 How to Cite?
AbstractAlthough Candida albicans is well recognised as the major agent of oral candidiasis, it is not clear why several variants such as pseudomembranous (PC), erythematous (EC) and hyperplastic candidiasis (HC) manifest in different individuals, sometimes singly and on other occasions, in combination. The present review focuses on recent histopathologic and immunocytochemical studies as well as the pathogenic attributes of the yeast, in an attempt to address the following queries. (I) Do histopathologic studies of the different variants of candidiasis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals help explain these varying manifestations? (2) Under what circumstances does oral candidiasis manifest as a pseudomembranous rather than an erythematous lesion or vice versa? (3) Are there differences in immunoreactivity in closely adjacent mucosae so that the variable presentation of such lesions reflect differences in the local mucosal immune system? Recent studies of PC, EC and HC offer some insights into the pathogenic mechanisms involved. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical finding in cases of PC and EC in HIV-infected patients and controls appear to be comparable, with a marked reduction or even an absence of CD4+ cells. The latter phenomenon is marked in PC compared with the EC, and explicable in terms of a breakdown of the local immune response in the former, and a hypersensitivity reaction against Candida antigens in the latter. Hyperplastic candidiasis on the other hand could be considered a superficial cellular reaction against the pathogen, which cannot entirely be eradicated by the systemic or local host immune response. The virulent attributes of the fungus, such as the production of extracellular proteinases, do significantly differ within and between species and thereby play a contributory role in the genesis of the clinical variants. Although the available data do give a tantalising glimpse of the contributory mechanisms for the aetiopathology of PC, EC and HC, further research is warranted to elucidate response of the host to this ubiquitous fungal pathogen.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/66423
ISSN
2021 Impact Factor: 4.068
2020 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.953
ISI Accession Number ID
References

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorReichart, PAen_HK
dc.contributor.authorSamaranayake, LPen_HK
dc.contributor.authorPhilipsen, HPen_HK
dc.date.accessioned2010-09-06T05:46:14Z-
dc.date.available2010-09-06T05:46:14Z-
dc.date.issued2000en_HK
dc.identifier.citationOral Diseases, 2000, v. 6 n. 2, p. 85-91en_HK
dc.identifier.issn1354-523Xen_HK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/66423-
dc.description.abstractAlthough Candida albicans is well recognised as the major agent of oral candidiasis, it is not clear why several variants such as pseudomembranous (PC), erythematous (EC) and hyperplastic candidiasis (HC) manifest in different individuals, sometimes singly and on other occasions, in combination. The present review focuses on recent histopathologic and immunocytochemical studies as well as the pathogenic attributes of the yeast, in an attempt to address the following queries. (I) Do histopathologic studies of the different variants of candidiasis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals help explain these varying manifestations? (2) Under what circumstances does oral candidiasis manifest as a pseudomembranous rather than an erythematous lesion or vice versa? (3) Are there differences in immunoreactivity in closely adjacent mucosae so that the variable presentation of such lesions reflect differences in the local mucosal immune system? Recent studies of PC, EC and HC offer some insights into the pathogenic mechanisms involved. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical finding in cases of PC and EC in HIV-infected patients and controls appear to be comparable, with a marked reduction or even an absence of CD4+ cells. The latter phenomenon is marked in PC compared with the EC, and explicable in terms of a breakdown of the local immune response in the former, and a hypersensitivity reaction against Candida antigens in the latter. Hyperplastic candidiasis on the other hand could be considered a superficial cellular reaction against the pathogen, which cannot entirely be eradicated by the systemic or local host immune response. The virulent attributes of the fungus, such as the production of extracellular proteinases, do significantly differ within and between species and thereby play a contributory role in the genesis of the clinical variants. Although the available data do give a tantalising glimpse of the contributory mechanisms for the aetiopathology of PC, EC and HC, further research is warranted to elucidate response of the host to this ubiquitous fungal pathogen.en_HK
dc.languageengen_HK
dc.publisherWiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.wiley.com/bw/journal.asp?ref=1354-523X&site=1en_HK
dc.relation.ispartofOral Diseasesen_HK
dc.subjectCandidiasis, oral-
dc.subjectImmunocompetence-
dc.subjectImmunodeficiency-
dc.subjectPathology-
dc.subjectVariants-
dc.subject.meshAIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - immunology - pathologyen_HK
dc.subject.meshAntigens, Fungal - immunologyen_HK
dc.subject.meshCD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - pathologyen_HK
dc.subject.meshCandida albicans - immunology - pathogenicityen_HK
dc.subject.meshCandidiasis, Oral - immunology - pathologyen_HK
dc.subject.meshErythema - pathologyen_HK
dc.subject.meshHumansen_HK
dc.subject.meshHyperplasiaen_HK
dc.subject.meshHypersensitivity - immunologyen_HK
dc.subject.meshImmunocompetence - immunologyen_HK
dc.subject.meshImmunocompromised Hosten_HK
dc.subject.meshImmunohistochemistryen_HK
dc.subject.meshMouth Mucosa - immunology - pathologyen_HK
dc.subject.meshVirulenceen_HK
dc.titlePathology and clinical correlates in oral candidiasis and its variants: A reviewen_HK
dc.typeArticleen_HK
dc.identifier.openurlhttp://library.hku.hk:4550/resserv?sid=HKU:IR&issn=1354-523X&volume=6&spage=85&epage=91&date=2000&atitle=Pathology+and+clinical+correlates+in+oral+candidiasis+and+its+variants:+a+reviewen_HK
dc.identifier.emailSamaranayake, LP:lakshman@hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.authoritySamaranayake, LP=rp00023en_HK
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltext-
dc.identifier.pmid10702784-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-0034060385en_HK
dc.identifier.hkuros48344en_HK
dc.relation.referenceshttp://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034060385&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpageen_HK
dc.identifier.volume6en_HK
dc.identifier.issue2en_HK
dc.identifier.spage85en_HK
dc.identifier.epage91en_HK
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000085846600003-
dc.publisher.placeUnited Statesen_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridReichart, PA=7101871704en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridSamaranayake, LP=7102761002en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridPhilipsen, HP=7006506064en_HK
dc.identifier.issnl1354-523X-

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