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Article: Discovery of growth hormone-releasing hormones and receptors in nonmammalian vertebrates

TitleDiscovery of growth hormone-releasing hormones and receptors in nonmammalian vertebrates
Authors
KeywordsGenome duplication
Molecular evolution
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide
Issue Date2007
PublisherNational Academy of Sciences. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.pnas.org
Citation
Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America, 2007, v. 104 n. 7, p. 2133-2138 How to Cite?
AbstractIn mammals, growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is the most important neuroendocrine factor that stimulates the release of growth hormone (GH) from the anterior pituitary. In nonmammalian vertebrates, however, the previously named GHRH-like peptides were unable to demonstrate robust GH-releasing activities. In this article, we provide evidence that these GHRH-like peptides are homologues of mammalian PACAP-related peptides (PRP). Instead, GHRH peptides encoded in cDNAs isolated from goldfish, zebrafish, and African clawed frog were identified. Moreover, receptors specific for these GHRHs were characterized from goldfish and zebrafish. These GHRHs and GHRH receptors (GHRH-Rs) are phylogenetically and structurally more similar to their mammalian counterparts than the previously named GHRH-like peptides and GHRH-like receptors. Information regarding their chromosomal locations and organization of neighboring genes confirmed that they share the same origins as the mammalian genes. Functionally, the goldfish GHRH dose-dependently activates cAMP production in receptor-transfected CHO cells as well as GH release from goldfish pituitary cells. Tissue distribution studies showed that the goldfish GHRH is expressed almost exclusively in the brain, whereas the goldfish GHRH-R is actively expressed in brain and pituitary. Taken together, these results provide evidence for a previously uncharacterized GHRH-GHRH-R axis in nonmammalian vertebrates. Based on these data, a comprehensive evolutionary scheme for GHRH, PRP-PACAP, and PHI-VIP genes in relation to three rounds of genome duplication early on in vertebrate evolution is proposed. These GHRHs, also found in flounder, Fugu, medaka, stickleback, Tetraodon, and rainbow trout, provide research directions regarding the neuroendocrine control of growth in vertebrates. © 2007 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/69292
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 9.4
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 3.737
PubMed Central ID
ISI Accession Number ID
References
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DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorLee, LTOen_HK
dc.contributor.authorSiu, FKYen_HK
dc.contributor.authorTam, JKVen_HK
dc.contributor.authorLau, ITYen_HK
dc.contributor.authorWong, AOLen_HK
dc.contributor.authorLin, MCMen_HK
dc.contributor.authorVaudry, Hen_HK
dc.contributor.authorChow, BKCen_HK
dc.date.accessioned2010-09-06T06:12:19Z-
dc.date.available2010-09-06T06:12:19Z-
dc.date.issued2007en_HK
dc.identifier.citationProceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America, 2007, v. 104 n. 7, p. 2133-2138en_HK
dc.identifier.issn0027-8424en_HK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/69292-
dc.description.abstractIn mammals, growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is the most important neuroendocrine factor that stimulates the release of growth hormone (GH) from the anterior pituitary. In nonmammalian vertebrates, however, the previously named GHRH-like peptides were unable to demonstrate robust GH-releasing activities. In this article, we provide evidence that these GHRH-like peptides are homologues of mammalian PACAP-related peptides (PRP). Instead, GHRH peptides encoded in cDNAs isolated from goldfish, zebrafish, and African clawed frog were identified. Moreover, receptors specific for these GHRHs were characterized from goldfish and zebrafish. These GHRHs and GHRH receptors (GHRH-Rs) are phylogenetically and structurally more similar to their mammalian counterparts than the previously named GHRH-like peptides and GHRH-like receptors. Information regarding their chromosomal locations and organization of neighboring genes confirmed that they share the same origins as the mammalian genes. Functionally, the goldfish GHRH dose-dependently activates cAMP production in receptor-transfected CHO cells as well as GH release from goldfish pituitary cells. Tissue distribution studies showed that the goldfish GHRH is expressed almost exclusively in the brain, whereas the goldfish GHRH-R is actively expressed in brain and pituitary. Taken together, these results provide evidence for a previously uncharacterized GHRH-GHRH-R axis in nonmammalian vertebrates. Based on these data, a comprehensive evolutionary scheme for GHRH, PRP-PACAP, and PHI-VIP genes in relation to three rounds of genome duplication early on in vertebrate evolution is proposed. These GHRHs, also found in flounder, Fugu, medaka, stickleback, Tetraodon, and rainbow trout, provide research directions regarding the neuroendocrine control of growth in vertebrates. © 2007 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA.en_HK
dc.languageengen_HK
dc.publisherNational Academy of Sciences. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.pnas.orgen_HK
dc.relation.ispartofProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of Americaen_HK
dc.subjectGenome duplicationen_HK
dc.subjectMolecular evolutionen_HK
dc.subjectPituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptideen_HK
dc.titleDiscovery of growth hormone-releasing hormones and receptors in nonmammalian vertebratesen_HK
dc.typeArticleen_HK
dc.identifier.emailLee, LTO: ltolee2@hkucc.hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.emailWong, AOL: olwong@hkucc.hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.emailLin, MCM: mcllin@hkucc.hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.emailChow, BKC: bkcc@hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.authorityLee, LTO=rp00727en_HK
dc.identifier.authorityWong, AOL=rp00806en_HK
dc.identifier.authorityLin, MCM=rp00746en_HK
dc.identifier.authorityChow, BKC=rp00681en_HK
dc.description.naturepostprint-
dc.identifier.doi10.1073/pnas.0611008104en_HK
dc.identifier.pmid17283332-
dc.identifier.pmcidPMC1892924-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-33847787056en_HK
dc.identifier.hkuros126342en_HK
dc.relation.referenceshttp://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-33847787056&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpageen_HK
dc.identifier.volume104en_HK
dc.identifier.issue7en_HK
dc.identifier.spage2133en_HK
dc.identifier.epage2138en_HK
dc.identifier.eissn1091-6490-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000244438500020-
dc.publisher.placeUnited Statesen_HK
dc.relation.projectA negative feedback loop involving bile acids and Small Heterodimer Partner in controlling secretin gene expression is a key to modulate bile release-
dc.relation.projectDiscovery of novel growth hormone-releasing hormone: from functions to evolution-
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLee, LTO=8367269000en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridSiu, FKY=6701518484en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridTam, JKV=36830083000en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLau, ITY=16032893100en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridWong, AOL=7403147570en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLin, MCM=7404816359en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridVaudry, H=35446602600en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridChow, BKC=7102826193en_HK
dc.identifier.issnl0027-8424-

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