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Article: Cervical intervertebral disc degeneration induced by unbalanced dynamic and static forces: A novel in vivo rat model

TitleCervical intervertebral disc degeneration induced by unbalanced dynamic and static forces: A novel in vivo rat model
Authors
KeywordsApoptosis
Cervical spine
Degeneration
Inflammation
Intervertebral disc
Issue Date2006
PublisherLippincott, Williams & Wilkins. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.spinejournal.com
Citation
Spine, 2006, v. 31 n. 14, p. 1532-1538 How to Cite?
AbstractSTUDY DESIGN. Establishment of a novel in vivo animal model of cervical spondylosis. OBJECTIVE. To investigate apoptotic, degenerative, and inflammatory changes occurring in the cervical intervertebral discs of rats. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA. Cervical degeneration occurs as the result of imbalance of both static and dynamic spinal stabilizers. The disc degeneration that occurs is characterized by increased local inflammation and increased apoptosis of intervertebral disc cells. METHODS. By excising the paraspinal musculature and posterior cervical spinal ligaments of rats, both static and dynamic cervical stabilizers were disrupted. The resultant biomechanical imbalance resulted in biochemical and histologic changes, which were characterized by light microscopy, electron microscopy, immunostaining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, polymerase chain reaction, and in situ hybridization. RESULTS. Histologic analysis showed characteristic degenerative changes of the intervertebral discs and vertebral endplates following surgery. Ultrastructural examination revealed apoptotic changes, which were verified by immunostaining. Instability also resulted in significant up-regulation of inflammatory factors, as shown by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, polymerase chain reaction, and in situ hybridization. CONCLUSIONS. By creating static and dynamic posterior instability of the cervical spine, this novel model of cervical spondylosis results in rapid intervertebral disc degeneration characterized by increased apoptosis and local inflammation, such as that seen clinically. ©2006, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/79443
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 2.6
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 1.221
ISI Accession Number ID
References

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorWang, YJen_HK
dc.contributor.authorShi, Qen_HK
dc.contributor.authorLu, WWen_HK
dc.contributor.authorCheung, KCMen_HK
dc.contributor.authorDarowish, Men_HK
dc.contributor.authorLi, TFen_HK
dc.contributor.authorDong, YFen_HK
dc.contributor.authorZhou, CJen_HK
dc.contributor.authorZhou, Qen_HK
dc.contributor.authorHu, ZJen_HK
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Men_HK
dc.contributor.authorBian, Qen_HK
dc.contributor.authorLi, CGen_HK
dc.contributor.authorLuk, KDKen_HK
dc.contributor.authorLeong, JCYen_HK
dc.date.accessioned2010-09-06T07:54:44Z-
dc.date.available2010-09-06T07:54:44Z-
dc.date.issued2006en_HK
dc.identifier.citationSpine, 2006, v. 31 n. 14, p. 1532-1538en_HK
dc.identifier.issn0362-2436en_HK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/79443-
dc.description.abstractSTUDY DESIGN. Establishment of a novel in vivo animal model of cervical spondylosis. OBJECTIVE. To investigate apoptotic, degenerative, and inflammatory changes occurring in the cervical intervertebral discs of rats. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA. Cervical degeneration occurs as the result of imbalance of both static and dynamic spinal stabilizers. The disc degeneration that occurs is characterized by increased local inflammation and increased apoptosis of intervertebral disc cells. METHODS. By excising the paraspinal musculature and posterior cervical spinal ligaments of rats, both static and dynamic cervical stabilizers were disrupted. The resultant biomechanical imbalance resulted in biochemical and histologic changes, which were characterized by light microscopy, electron microscopy, immunostaining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, polymerase chain reaction, and in situ hybridization. RESULTS. Histologic analysis showed characteristic degenerative changes of the intervertebral discs and vertebral endplates following surgery. Ultrastructural examination revealed apoptotic changes, which were verified by immunostaining. Instability also resulted in significant up-regulation of inflammatory factors, as shown by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, polymerase chain reaction, and in situ hybridization. CONCLUSIONS. By creating static and dynamic posterior instability of the cervical spine, this novel model of cervical spondylosis results in rapid intervertebral disc degeneration characterized by increased apoptosis and local inflammation, such as that seen clinically. ©2006, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.en_HK
dc.languageengen_HK
dc.publisherLippincott, Williams & Wilkins. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.spinejournal.comen_HK
dc.relation.ispartofSpineen_HK
dc.subjectApoptosis-
dc.subjectCervical spine-
dc.subjectDegeneration-
dc.subjectInflammation-
dc.subjectIntervertebral disc-
dc.subject.meshAnimalsen_HK
dc.subject.meshApoptosisen_HK
dc.subject.meshCervical Vertebrae - metabolism - pathology - physiopathologyen_HK
dc.subject.meshCollagenases - metabolismen_HK
dc.subject.meshCytokines - metabolismen_HK
dc.subject.meshDisease Models, Animalen_HK
dc.subject.meshEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assayen_HK
dc.subject.meshFemaleen_HK
dc.subject.meshImmunohistochemistryen_HK
dc.subject.meshIn Situ Hybridizationen_HK
dc.subject.meshIn Situ Nick-End Labelingen_HK
dc.subject.meshInflammation Mediators - metabolismen_HK
dc.subject.meshIntervertebral Disc - metabolism - pathology - physiopathologyen_HK
dc.subject.meshMaleen_HK
dc.subject.meshMicroscopy, Electronen_HK
dc.subject.meshRatsen_HK
dc.subject.meshRats, Sprague-Dawleyen_HK
dc.subject.meshReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reactionen_HK
dc.subject.meshSpinal Osteophytosis - etiology - metabolism - pathology - physiopathologyen_HK
dc.subject.meshTissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases - metabolismen_HK
dc.titleCervical intervertebral disc degeneration induced by unbalanced dynamic and static forces: A novel in vivo rat modelen_HK
dc.typeArticleen_HK
dc.identifier.openurlhttp://library.hku.hk:4550/resserv?sid=HKU:IR&issn=0887-9869&volume=31&issue=14&spage=1532&epage=1538&date=2006&atitle=Cervical+intervertebral+disc+degeneration+induced+by+unbalanced+dynamic+and+static+forces:+A+novel+in+vivo+rat+modelen_HK
dc.identifier.emailLu, WW:wwlu@hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.emailLuk, KDK:hcm21000@hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.authorityLu, WW=rp00411en_HK
dc.identifier.authorityLuk, KDK=rp00333en_HK
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltext-
dc.identifier.doi10.1097/01.brs.0000222019.84095.23en_HK
dc.identifier.pmid16778684-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-33745239297en_HK
dc.identifier.hkuros121548en_HK
dc.relation.referenceshttp://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-33745239297&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpageen_HK
dc.identifier.volume31en_HK
dc.identifier.issue14en_HK
dc.identifier.spage1532en_HK
dc.identifier.epage1538en_HK
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000238323700004-
dc.publisher.placeUnited Statesen_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridWang, YJ=8320879700en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridShi, Q=7402698372en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLu, WW=7404215221en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridCheung, KCM=7402406744en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridDarowish, M=10540863300en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLi, TF=8360236800en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridDong, YF=8853270700en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridZhou, CJ=7403347036en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridZhou, Q=52465006800en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridHu, ZJ=12786761400en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLiu, M=55210644900en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridBian, Q=8454459900en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLi, CG=27170958900en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLuk, KDK=7201921573en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLeong, JCY=35560782200en_HK
dc.identifier.issnl0362-2436-

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