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Article: Buy Now and Price Later: Supply Contracts with Time-Consistent Mean-Variance Financial Hedging
Title | Buy Now and Price Later: Supply Contracts with Time-Consistent Mean-Variance Financial Hedging |
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Authors | |
Keywords | Risk management Pricing Mean–variance Demand forecast update Contracts |
Issue Date | 2018 |
Publisher | Elsevier BV. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ejor |
Citation | European Journal of Operational Research, 2018, v. 268 n. 2, p. 582-595 How to Cite? |
Abstract | We consider a two-stage supply chain comprising one risk-neutral manufacturer (he) and one risk-averse retailer (she), where the manufacturer procures consumption commodities in spot market as major inputs for production and sells the final products to the retailer. The retailer then sells the final products to the market at a stochastic clearance price. We investigate a flexible price contract that allows the manufacturer to determine the product wholesale price, and the retailer to determine the order quantity, based on the future spot price of consumption commodities. Compared with the simple wholesale price contract, a win-win situation can be achieved under the flexible price contract when the manufacturer's postponed processing cost is lower than a threshold. However, under this flexible price contract the retailer may suffer from the commodity price volatility, even if she does not procure the commodities directly. We further investigate how the risk-averse retailer conducts mean-variance financial hedging by purchasing consumption commodity futures contracts. We formulate the problem using a dynamic programming model and derive a closed-form time-consistent financial hedging policy. Through numerical experiments, we show that the commodity price risk from the manufacturer to the retailer is effectively mitigated with the hedging, and the benefits of the flexible price contract are maintained. |
Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/251787 |
ISSN | 2023 Impact Factor: 6.0 2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 2.321 |
ISI Accession Number ID |
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | LI, Q | - |
dc.contributor.author | Niu, B-Z | - |
dc.contributor.author | Chu, L-K | - |
dc.contributor.author | Ni, J | - |
dc.contributor.author | Wang, J | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2018-03-19T07:01:14Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2018-03-19T07:01:14Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2018 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | European Journal of Operational Research, 2018, v. 268 n. 2, p. 582-595 | - |
dc.identifier.issn | 0377-2217 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/251787 | - |
dc.description.abstract | We consider a two-stage supply chain comprising one risk-neutral manufacturer (he) and one risk-averse retailer (she), where the manufacturer procures consumption commodities in spot market as major inputs for production and sells the final products to the retailer. The retailer then sells the final products to the market at a stochastic clearance price. We investigate a flexible price contract that allows the manufacturer to determine the product wholesale price, and the retailer to determine the order quantity, based on the future spot price of consumption commodities. Compared with the simple wholesale price contract, a win-win situation can be achieved under the flexible price contract when the manufacturer's postponed processing cost is lower than a threshold. However, under this flexible price contract the retailer may suffer from the commodity price volatility, even if she does not procure the commodities directly. We further investigate how the risk-averse retailer conducts mean-variance financial hedging by purchasing consumption commodity futures contracts. We formulate the problem using a dynamic programming model and derive a closed-form time-consistent financial hedging policy. Through numerical experiments, we show that the commodity price risk from the manufacturer to the retailer is effectively mitigated with the hedging, and the benefits of the flexible price contract are maintained. | - |
dc.language | eng | - |
dc.publisher | Elsevier BV. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ejor | - |
dc.relation.ispartof | European Journal of Operational Research | - |
dc.rights | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. | - |
dc.subject | Risk management | - |
dc.subject | Pricing | - |
dc.subject | Mean–variance | - |
dc.subject | Demand forecast update | - |
dc.subject | Contracts | - |
dc.title | Buy Now and Price Later: Supply Contracts with Time-Consistent Mean-Variance Financial Hedging | - |
dc.type | Article | - |
dc.identifier.email | Chu, L-K: lkchu@hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.email | Wang, J: jwwang@hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Chu, L-K=rp00113 | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Wang, J=rp01888 | - |
dc.description.nature | postprint | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1016/j.ejor.2018.02.004 | - |
dc.identifier.scopus | eid_2-s2.0-85042607368 | - |
dc.identifier.hkuros | 284389 | - |
dc.identifier.volume | 268 | - |
dc.identifier.issue | 2 | - |
dc.identifier.spage | 582 | - |
dc.identifier.epage | 595 | - |
dc.identifier.isi | WOS:000430888300013 | - |
dc.publisher.place | Netherlands | - |
dc.identifier.issnl | 0377-2217 | - |