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Article: BRAF inhibition stimulates melanoma-associated macrophages to drive tumor growth

TitleBRAF inhibition stimulates melanoma-associated macrophages to drive tumor growth
Authors
Issue Date2015
Citation
Clinical Cancer Research, 2015, v. 21, n. 7, p. 1652-1664 How to Cite?
AbstractPurpose: To investigate the roles of melanoma-associated macrophages in melanoma resistance to BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi). Experimental Design: An in vitro macrophage and melanoma cell coculture system was used to investigate whether macrophages play a role in melanoma resistance to BRAFi. The effects of macrophages in tumor resistance were examined by proliferation assay, cell death assay, and Western blot analyses. Furthermore, two mouse preclinical models were used to validate whether targeting macrophages can increase the antitumor activity of BRAFi. Finally, the number of macrophages in melanoma tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry. Results: We demonstrate that in BRAF-mutant melanomas, BRAFi paradoxically activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in macrophages to produce VEGF, which reactivates the MAPK pathway and stimulates cell growth in melanoma cells. Blocking the MAPK pathway or VEGF signaling then reverses macrophage-mediated resistance. Targeting macrophages increases the antitumor activity of BRAFi in mouse and human tumor models. The presence of macrophages in melanomas predicts early relapse after therapy. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that macrophages play a critical role in melanoma resistance to BRAFi, suggesting that targeting macrophages will benefit patients with BRAF-mutant melanoma.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/318586
ISSN
2021 Impact Factor: 13.801
2020 SCImago Journal Rankings: 5.427
ISI Accession Number ID

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorWang, Tao-
dc.contributor.authorXiao, Min-
dc.contributor.authorGe, Yingbin-
dc.contributor.authorKrepler, Clemens-
dc.contributor.authorBelser, Eric-
dc.contributor.authorLopez-Coral, Alfonso-
dc.contributor.authorXu, Xiaowei-
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Gao-
dc.contributor.authorAzuma, Rikka-
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Qin-
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Rui-
dc.contributor.authorLi, Ling-
dc.contributor.authorAmaravadi, Ravi K.-
dc.contributor.authorXu, Wei-
dc.contributor.authorKarakousis, Giorgos-
dc.contributor.authorGangadhar, Tara C.-
dc.contributor.authorSchuchter, Lynn M.-
dc.contributor.authorLieu, Melissa-
dc.contributor.authorKhare, Sanika-
dc.contributor.authorHalloran, Molly B.-
dc.contributor.authorHerlyn, Meenhard-
dc.contributor.authorKaufman, Russel E.-
dc.date.accessioned2022-10-11T12:24:06Z-
dc.date.available2022-10-11T12:24:06Z-
dc.date.issued2015-
dc.identifier.citationClinical Cancer Research, 2015, v. 21, n. 7, p. 1652-1664-
dc.identifier.issn1078-0432-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/318586-
dc.description.abstractPurpose: To investigate the roles of melanoma-associated macrophages in melanoma resistance to BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi). Experimental Design: An in vitro macrophage and melanoma cell coculture system was used to investigate whether macrophages play a role in melanoma resistance to BRAFi. The effects of macrophages in tumor resistance were examined by proliferation assay, cell death assay, and Western blot analyses. Furthermore, two mouse preclinical models were used to validate whether targeting macrophages can increase the antitumor activity of BRAFi. Finally, the number of macrophages in melanoma tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry. Results: We demonstrate that in BRAF-mutant melanomas, BRAFi paradoxically activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in macrophages to produce VEGF, which reactivates the MAPK pathway and stimulates cell growth in melanoma cells. Blocking the MAPK pathway or VEGF signaling then reverses macrophage-mediated resistance. Targeting macrophages increases the antitumor activity of BRAFi in mouse and human tumor models. The presence of macrophages in melanomas predicts early relapse after therapy. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that macrophages play a critical role in melanoma resistance to BRAFi, suggesting that targeting macrophages will benefit patients with BRAF-mutant melanoma.-
dc.languageeng-
dc.relation.ispartofClinical Cancer Research-
dc.titleBRAF inhibition stimulates melanoma-associated macrophages to drive tumor growth-
dc.typeArticle-
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltext-
dc.identifier.doi10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-1554-
dc.identifier.pmid25617424-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-84927594692-
dc.identifier.volume21-
dc.identifier.issue7-
dc.identifier.spage1652-
dc.identifier.epage1664-
dc.identifier.eissn1557-3265-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000352076700020-

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