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Article: Marketized private tutoring as a supplement to regular schooling: Liberal Studies and the shadow sector in Hong Kong secondary education
Title | Marketized private tutoring as a supplement to regular schooling: Liberal Studies and the shadow sector in Hong Kong secondary education |
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Authors | |
Keywords | educational reform Liberal Studies marketization private tutoring shadow education |
Issue Date | 2014 |
Publisher | Routledge. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/00220272.asp |
Citation | Journal of Curriculum Studies, 2014, v. 46 n. 3, p. 361-388 How to Cite? |
Abstract | Around the world, increasing numbers of students receive after-school private supplementary tutoring. Such tutoring may be provided through informal channels or by companies; and it may be received one-to-one, in small groups, or in large classes. The tutoring is commonly called shadow education since its content mimics that of regular schooling. The spread of shadow education is part of a global shift of balance with increased roles for the private sector. Hong Kong is among the societies in which shadow education enrolment rates are particularly high. Much shadow education focuses on techniques for performance in external examinations, and is not consistent with the emphases stressed by teachers and the government. This paper focuses on a newly-introduced subject called Liberal Studies in which the tensions are especially visible. Although the official curriculum emphasizes creativity and critical thinking, many students have sought large-class tutoring focused on formulae for passing examinations. Interviews exposed the needs that the students felt were not being met in their schooling. The findings illustrate some of the complexities in relationships between the public and private sectors. Viewed in a wider context, the paper illuminates some of the mechanisms and effects of marketization which are increasingly evident globally. |
Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/196809 |
ISSN | 2023 Impact Factor: 2.3 2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.962 |
ISI Accession Number ID |
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Chan, C | - |
dc.contributor.author | Bray, TM | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2014-04-29T03:42:26Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2014-04-29T03:42:26Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2014 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | Journal of Curriculum Studies, 2014, v. 46 n. 3, p. 361-388 | - |
dc.identifier.issn | 0022-0272 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/196809 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Around the world, increasing numbers of students receive after-school private supplementary tutoring. Such tutoring may be provided through informal channels or by companies; and it may be received one-to-one, in small groups, or in large classes. The tutoring is commonly called shadow education since its content mimics that of regular schooling. The spread of shadow education is part of a global shift of balance with increased roles for the private sector. Hong Kong is among the societies in which shadow education enrolment rates are particularly high. Much shadow education focuses on techniques for performance in external examinations, and is not consistent with the emphases stressed by teachers and the government. This paper focuses on a newly-introduced subject called Liberal Studies in which the tensions are especially visible. Although the official curriculum emphasizes creativity and critical thinking, many students have sought large-class tutoring focused on formulae for passing examinations. Interviews exposed the needs that the students felt were not being met in their schooling. The findings illustrate some of the complexities in relationships between the public and private sectors. Viewed in a wider context, the paper illuminates some of the mechanisms and effects of marketization which are increasingly evident globally. | - |
dc.language | eng | - |
dc.publisher | Routledge. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/00220272.asp | - |
dc.relation.ispartof | Journal of Curriculum Studies | - |
dc.rights | This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis Group in Journal of Curriculum Studies on 17 Feb 2014, available online at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00220272.2014.883553 | - |
dc.subject | educational reform | - |
dc.subject | Liberal Studies | - |
dc.subject | marketization | - |
dc.subject | private tutoring | - |
dc.subject | shadow education | - |
dc.title | Marketized private tutoring as a supplement to regular schooling: Liberal Studies and the shadow sector in Hong Kong secondary education | - |
dc.type | Article | - |
dc.identifier.email | Bray, TM: mbray@hkucc.hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Bray, TM=rp00888 | - |
dc.description.nature | postprint | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1080/00220272.2014.883553 | - |
dc.identifier.scopus | eid_2-s2.0-84899639735 | - |
dc.identifier.hkuros | 228682 | - |
dc.identifier.volume | 46 | - |
dc.identifier.issue | 3 | - |
dc.identifier.spage | 361 | - |
dc.identifier.epage | 388 | - |
dc.identifier.isi | WOS:000334722700006 | - |
dc.publisher.place | United Kingdom | - |
dc.identifier.issnl | 0022-0272 | - |