Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder drug prescribing trend is increasing among children and adolescents in Hong Kong

Abstract

Aim/Objective: To investigate the prevalence of ADHD medication prescribing of children and adolescents in Hong Kong from 2001- 2012 and to compare local prescribing patterns to those in other countries. Methods: An observational study was conducted using Hong Kong Hospital Authority Clinical Data Analysis & Reporting System (CDARS) to investigate the epidemiology of children and adolescents receiving ADHD medication. Records of children and adolescents aged between 3-19 years who were prescribed either methylphenidate or atomoxetine from 2001-2012 were retrieved. The prevalence of children and adolescents prescribed ADHD medication was calculated. Microsoft Excel and Statistical Analysis System (SAS) v9.3 (SAS Inc., United States) were used for data manipulation and analysis. Results: Prevalence of children on ADHD medication increased from 0.072% in 2001 (95% Confi dence interval [CI] 0.068% to 0.077%) to 0.819% (95% CI 0.803% to 0.837%) in 2012. The prevalence demonstrated an increasing trend throughout the study period (Z=-149.735, P<0.0001). The prevalence of ADHD medication prescribing in females increased at a faster rate than that in males. The prescribing trend in kindergarten children (3-5 year-old) was relatively steady from 2001-2008 [0.025% (95% CI 0.019% to 0.033%) in 2001] until a marked increase from 2009-2012 [0.135% (95% CI 0.118% to 0.154%) in 2012]. Conclusion: The prevalence of ADHD medication prescribing in Hong Kong is increasing but still lower than most western countries. However, the prevalence of ADHD medication prescribing for kindergarten children has increased in recent years. It is important to continue to monitor the prescribing in this group of vulnerable patients. Keywords: Attention defi cit hyperactivity disorder, Hong Kong, children, prescribing