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Article: Lipoteichoic acid from an Enterococcus faecalis clinical strain promotes TNF-α expression through the NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways in differentiated THP-1 macrophages
Title | Lipoteichoic acid from an Enterococcus faecalis clinical strain promotes TNF-α expression through the NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways in differentiated THP-1 macrophages |
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Authors | |
Keywords | Enterococcus faecalis innate immune response lipoteichoic acid root canal infection signaling pathways |
Issue Date | 2015 |
Publisher | Spandidos Publications. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.spandidos-publications.com/br |
Citation | Biomedical Reports, 2015, v. 3 n. 5, p. 697-702 How to Cite? |
Abstract | To study the immune-inflammatory response and signaling mechanism of macrophages to purified Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) lipoteichoic acid (LTA), intact LTA was obtained from an E. faecalis clinical strain P25RC using the butanol method and hydrophobic interaction chromatography purification. The fractions containing LTA were determined using phosphate detection. Contaminations with lipopolysaccharide and proteins were excluded using the Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. LTA was analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance. Prior to LTA stimulation assays, THP-1 monocytes were pretreated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate to differentiate into macrophages. Macrophages were treated with LTA in concentration gradients and cells without LTA treatment as the control. Gene expression of TLR2, CD14 and MyD88 were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-10 were quantified using ELISA. The activated and total nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 and three mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38, ERK1/2 and JNK) were assessed using western blot analysis. E. faecalis LTA induced the gene expression of TLR2 and MyD88 whilst it downregulated CD14, suggesting a TLR2-dependent and CD14-independent immune-inflammatory activity. LTA stimulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α (P<0.05), but not the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. In conclusion, E. faecalis LTA stimulated the expression of TNF-α in macrophages possibly through the NF-κB and p38 pathways. |
Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/216501 |
ISSN | 2023 Impact Factor: 2.3 2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.514 |
PubMed Central ID | |
ISI Accession Number ID |
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Wang, S | - |
dc.contributor.author | Liu, K | - |
dc.contributor.author | Seneviratne, CJ | - |
dc.contributor.author | Li, XC | - |
dc.contributor.author | Cheung, GSP | - |
dc.contributor.author | Jin, L | - |
dc.contributor.author | Chu, CH | - |
dc.contributor.author | Zhang, C | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2015-09-18T05:29:37Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2015-09-18T05:29:37Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2015 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | Biomedical Reports, 2015, v. 3 n. 5, p. 697-702 | - |
dc.identifier.issn | 2049-9434 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/216501 | - |
dc.description.abstract | To study the immune-inflammatory response and signaling mechanism of macrophages to purified Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) lipoteichoic acid (LTA), intact LTA was obtained from an E. faecalis clinical strain P25RC using the butanol method and hydrophobic interaction chromatography purification. The fractions containing LTA were determined using phosphate detection. Contaminations with lipopolysaccharide and proteins were excluded using the Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. LTA was analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance. Prior to LTA stimulation assays, THP-1 monocytes were pretreated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate to differentiate into macrophages. Macrophages were treated with LTA in concentration gradients and cells without LTA treatment as the control. Gene expression of TLR2, CD14 and MyD88 were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-10 were quantified using ELISA. The activated and total nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 and three mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38, ERK1/2 and JNK) were assessed using western blot analysis. E. faecalis LTA induced the gene expression of TLR2 and MyD88 whilst it downregulated CD14, suggesting a TLR2-dependent and CD14-independent immune-inflammatory activity. LTA stimulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α (P<0.05), but not the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. In conclusion, E. faecalis LTA stimulated the expression of TNF-α in macrophages possibly through the NF-κB and p38 pathways. | - |
dc.language | eng | - |
dc.publisher | Spandidos Publications. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.spandidos-publications.com/br | - |
dc.relation.ispartof | Biomedical Reports | - |
dc.subject | Enterococcus faecalis | - |
dc.subject | innate immune response | - |
dc.subject | lipoteichoic acid | - |
dc.subject | root canal infection | - |
dc.subject | signaling pathways | - |
dc.title | Lipoteichoic acid from an Enterococcus faecalis clinical strain promotes TNF-α expression through the NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways in differentiated THP-1 macrophages | - |
dc.type | Article | - |
dc.identifier.email | Seneviratne, CJ: jaya@hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.email | Li, XC: xuechenl@hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.email | Cheung, GSP: spcheung@hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.email | Jin, L: ljjin@hkucc.hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.email | Chu, CH: chchu@hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.email | Zhang, C: zhangcf@hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Seneviratne, CJ=rp01372 | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Li, XC=rp00742 | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Cheung, GSP=rp00016 | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Jin, L=rp00028 | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Chu, CH=rp00022 | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Zhang, C=rp01408 | - |
dc.description.nature | published_or_final_version | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.3892/br.2015.495 | - |
dc.identifier.pmid | 26405548 | - |
dc.identifier.pmcid | PMC4576493 | - |
dc.identifier.hkuros | 253195 | - |
dc.identifier.volume | 3 | - |
dc.identifier.issue | 5 | - |
dc.identifier.spage | 697 | - |
dc.identifier.epage | 702 | - |
dc.identifier.eissn | 2049-9442 | - |
dc.identifier.isi | WOS:000362836300017 | - |
dc.publisher.place | Greece | - |
dc.identifier.issnl | 2049-9434 | - |