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Article: NB-IoT Coverage and Sensor Node Connectivity in Dense Urban Environments: An Empirical Study

TitleNB-IoT Coverage and Sensor Node Connectivity in Dense Urban Environments: An Empirical Study
Authors
Issue Date2022
PublisherAssociation for Computing Machinery, Inc. The Journal's web site is located at https://dl.acm.org/journal/tosn
Citation
ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks, 2022, How to Cite?
AbstractWireless sensor networks have enabled smart infrastructures and novel applications. With the recent roll-out of Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) cellular radio technology, wireless sensors can be widely deployed for data collection in cities around the world. However, empirical evidence regarding the coverage and connectivity of NB-IoT in dense urban areas is limited. This article presents an empirical study that focuses on evaluating the coverage and connectivity of NB-IoT in a dense urban environment. We have designed a NB-IoT sensor node and deployed over one hundred of them in high-rise apartment buildings in Hong Kong. These sensor nodes utilize a commercial NB-IoT network to collect high-resolution water flow data for machine learning model training and provide timely feedback to users. We collect and analyze the empirical NB-IoT signal measurements from the sensor nodes deployed in various challenging outdoor and indoor environments for over three months. These empirical measurements reveal correlations between NB-IoT connectivity and sensor installation environments. We also observe that inter-cell interference, as a result of coverage by multiple neighboring NB-IoT cells in a dense urban environment, is a source of connectivity degradation. We discuss potential issues which IoT application designers and system integrators might encounter in practical NB-IoT devices deployment, and propose a transmission decision algorithm based on signal measurements for mitigating energy wasted due to transmission failures. Finally, we demonstrate the results and the benefits of using high-resolution water flow data collected by our purpose-built NB-IoT sensor nodes for studying the patterns of domestic water consumption in Hong Kong.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/312728
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 3.9
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 1.130

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorYau, CW-
dc.contributor.authorJEWSAKUL, S-
dc.contributor.authorLUK, MH-
dc.contributor.authorLee, APY-
dc.contributor.authorCHAN, YH-
dc.contributor.authorNgai, CHE-
dc.contributor.authorPong, PWT-
dc.contributor.authorLui, KS-
dc.contributor.authorLiu, J-
dc.date.accessioned2022-05-12T10:54:46Z-
dc.date.available2022-05-12T10:54:46Z-
dc.date.issued2022-
dc.identifier.citationACM Transactions on Sensor Networks, 2022,-
dc.identifier.issn1550-4859-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/312728-
dc.description.abstractWireless sensor networks have enabled smart infrastructures and novel applications. With the recent roll-out of Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) cellular radio technology, wireless sensors can be widely deployed for data collection in cities around the world. However, empirical evidence regarding the coverage and connectivity of NB-IoT in dense urban areas is limited. This article presents an empirical study that focuses on evaluating the coverage and connectivity of NB-IoT in a dense urban environment. We have designed a NB-IoT sensor node and deployed over one hundred of them in high-rise apartment buildings in Hong Kong. These sensor nodes utilize a commercial NB-IoT network to collect high-resolution water flow data for machine learning model training and provide timely feedback to users. We collect and analyze the empirical NB-IoT signal measurements from the sensor nodes deployed in various challenging outdoor and indoor environments for over three months. These empirical measurements reveal correlations between NB-IoT connectivity and sensor installation environments. We also observe that inter-cell interference, as a result of coverage by multiple neighboring NB-IoT cells in a dense urban environment, is a source of connectivity degradation. We discuss potential issues which IoT application designers and system integrators might encounter in practical NB-IoT devices deployment, and propose a transmission decision algorithm based on signal measurements for mitigating energy wasted due to transmission failures. Finally, we demonstrate the results and the benefits of using high-resolution water flow data collected by our purpose-built NB-IoT sensor nodes for studying the patterns of domestic water consumption in Hong Kong.-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisherAssociation for Computing Machinery, Inc. The Journal's web site is located at https://dl.acm.org/journal/tosn-
dc.relation.ispartofACM Transactions on Sensor Networks-
dc.rightsACM Transactions on Sensor Networks. Copyright © Association for Computing Machinery, Inc.-
dc.titleNB-IoT Coverage and Sensor Node Connectivity in Dense Urban Environments: An Empirical Study-
dc.typeArticle-
dc.identifier.emailYau, CW: mcwyau@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailNgai, CHE: chngai@eee.hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailLui, KS: kslui@eee.hku.hk-
dc.identifier.authorityNgai, CHE=rp02656-
dc.identifier.authorityPong, PWT=rp00217-
dc.identifier.authorityLui, KS=rp00188-
dc.identifier.hkuros333050-
dc.publisher.placeUnited States-

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