Simple technique for bulk quantity synthesis of ZnO tetrapod nanorods

Abstract

In this work, we report a simple method for mass production of ZnO tetrapod nanorods. A mixture of Zn and graphite powders (ratio 2:1) was placed in a quartz tube. The quartz tube was placed in a horizontal tube furnace and heated up to 950°C. The tube was then removed from the furnace and quenched to room temperature. Fluffy products white in color were formed on the walls of the tube. Obtained products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photoluminescence. SEM images showed tetrapod-like ZnO nanorods. The four tetrapod legs were approximately equal length, and the length of tetrapod legs was in the range ∼1-3 μm. We investigated influence of the growth temperature (in the range from 700°C to 1100°C) and Zn to catalyst ratio to the properties of obtained products. Fabrication in different atmospheres (air, argon, nitrogen, humid argon, and humid nitrogen) was also performed. The influence of growth conditions (temperature, atmosphere, and catalyst concentration) to the formation and properties of ZnO nanorods is discussed.