Stacking the future of heterogeneous optoelectronics

Abstract

<p>Integrated optoelectronics has emerged as the backbone of information exchange across all scales of modern digital infrastructure-from on-chip interconnects and board-level optical links to chassis-to-rack communications and transcontinental data center networks. It enables the seamless conversion of electrical signals to light and vice versa, overcoming the bandwidth and loss limitations of purely electronic systems. Today, its applications span critical junctions: Nanophotonic waveguides shuttle terabits of information per second between processor cores; silicon photonic transceivers mediate board-level communication with subpicojoule-per-bit energy efficiency; and fiber-optic arrays orchestrate exabyte-scale data flows between servers and across continents.</p>